Raymond Wells, white business owner, discusses his work on the history of the Black River, the history of the Lower Cape Fear River, the ecology and history of swamplands, pocosin, and rivers near Cape Fear River, N.C., land uses including hunting and fishing, and changes in the coastal environment in Sampson County, Pender County, Onslow County, and Duplin County, N.C., with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 15 September 1998

Allan Troxler, white artist, poet, and political activist, discusses various aspects of his experiences growing up gay in Greensboro and Durham, N.C., during and after the Civil Rights Movement, including gay culture and activism in Durham, N.C., in the 1980s and 1990s and the founding and operation of Blevins House, the AIDS epidemic, the history of Scottish and Irish country and contra dancing and its connection to gay culture, Carl Wittman and civil rights activism at Swarthmore College including the founding of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the Gay Liberation Movement in the United States, the Gay and Lesbian Health Project in Durham, his volunteer work with AIDS patients and the elderly, community activism around toxic waste contamination at the Armageddon Chemical Company in Durham, and his interests in gardening with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 17-18 August 1998

Otis Hardy, African American inmate, discusses inmate life at Central Prison in Raleigh, N.C., and other state prisons in North Carolina in the 1980s and 1990s, including inmate work programs, Christianity and Islam in prison, prison kitchens, and his own gift for baking and promotion to chief baker at the Governor's Mansion in Raleigh, N.C., African American life in South Carolina in the 1940s and 1950s, and the Nation of Islam in New Jersey and New York with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 6 December 1998

Harry Kittner and Sarah Kittner, white business owners, discuss their family history, Jewish life in eastern North Carolina in the twentieth century including the Temple Emanu-El in Weldon, N.C., the North Carolina Association of Jewish Men and Women, the North Carolina Circuit Riding Rabbi Project, and B'Nai B'Rith, other aspects of southern life in the twentieth century, including the Ku Klux Klan and the Jewish community in Richmond, Va., and their experiences in the retail trade and moving to a retirement community in Chapel Hill, N.C., after closing Kittner Department Store in Weldon with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 25 January 1999

Betty Ballew, white allied health worker, with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 29 January 1999

Betty Ballew, white allied health worker, with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 29 January 1999

John C. McDonald, white business owner, discusses the history of his drug store on Ninth Street in Durham, N.C., his experiences in the pharmaceutical business and as a small business owner in the twentieth-century South, Erwin Mills in Durham and mill village life between 1920 and 1970, and the transformation of small town community life with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 17 February 1999

Emma Crawford, white homemaker, discusses rural life in Alamance County, N.C. from the 1890s to 1920s including dairy farming, homemaking, social customs, courtships, and especially the role of women and girls, her memories of the mill village of Swepsonville, N.C., company stories, the flu epidemic of 1919, life in Raleigh, N.C., in the 1920s, and Edenton Street United Methodist Church, and her experiences teaching Sunday school from around 1925 to 1990 with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 20 May 1999

Adell McDowell, African American homemaker and teacher, discusses life and work for African Americans under Jim Crow in Elizabethtown, N.C., including the southern lumber industry, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) and Operation Dixie, the CIO organizing drive and strike by African American workers at Greene Brothers Lumber Company, and the involvement of her husband, Thomas McDowell, as president of the Greene Brothers Lumber Company union, and Reverend Cotton, the union minister with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 25 May 1999

Leila Hubbard Pigott, white business owner, discusses various aspects of the shrimp industry in Southport, N.C., Georgetown, S.C., St. Augustine, Fla., Key West, Fla., and Morgan City, La., including market trends, technology, labor conditions, and the social life of shrimping crews and owners, the menhaden industry and small town life in Southport, the impact of Hurricane Hazel on Southport in 1954, and her opening of a seashell shop on the Southport waterfront with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 26 July 1999

Denise Giles, white NGO director, discusses her family background and life in and around Fort Bragg, N.C., during the Vietnam World, the impact of the war on her father and his alcoholism, her experiences with alcoholism, drug addiction, and homelessness in Fayetteville, N.C., her recovery and work as a director of an advocacy group, and her thoughts on social policy and trends in homelessness, especially in Fayetteville with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 4 August 1999

Ruth Bean Rule, white textile worker, discusses community life in Winston-Salem, N.C., from the 1920s to the time of the interview in 1999, including changes in the neighborhood, the textile industry and working conditions, the Moravian Church, and Old Salem, her volunteer work, and her life at the Moravian sponsored retirement community with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 8 July 1999

Mabel Williams, African American allied health worker, factory worker, and domestic worker, discusses African American life in segregated Monroe, N.C., and especially the experiences and efforts of her husband, Robert Williams, toward racial equality amid the rigid segregationist mentality of Monroe, including his difficulties in finding employment, the omitting of his letters from the local newspaper, his training of fellow African Americans in armed self-defense, his organizing of demonstrations to desegregate an all-white swimming pool, and his run for mayor before eventually leaving Monroe and the United States altogether with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 20 August 1999

Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, white historian, discusses her childhood and encounters with race and racism in the Jim Crow South, especially while teaching at Elizabeth City State Teachers College (now Elizabeth City State University) in Elizabeth City, N.C., and through her experiences "passing" as an African American because her children were African American, her thoughts on the concepts of race, whiteness, and blackness, the Civil Rights Movement in New Orleans in the 1940s, and her work on slavery and race in colonial Louisiana with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 21 August 1999

Ben Avirett, white salesperson, discusses his ritual of using homegrown ingredients to make Brunswick stew to serve to friends and family, the history of Brunswick stew as an outgrowth of tobacco culture in Granville County, N.C., and his thoughts on changing attitudes toward food, food preparation, and community roots and tradition, the homogenization of American culture, changes in work ethic, and the impacts of globalization on local culture with interviewer David S. Cecelski. 27 September 1999

Eva Bunker, white homemaker, with interviewer Melynn Glusman. 31 August 1999

Florence Soltys, white allied health worker, teacher, and volunteer, discusses her family background and childhood in Tennessee during the Great Depression, including African American friends and acquaintances of hers, her undergraduate and graduate education in nutrition and institutional management at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tenn., and Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Mass., her interest in geriatrics and work with Dr. John Rock, who invented the birth control pill, her marriage to John Soltys and his residency in Boston, her employment as a nutritionist at Phillips House, her decision to teach nutrition in public schools after the Boston school desegregation crisis, her decision to become a stay-at-home mother, her work with the Y Board in Boston, the Neighborhood Organization Presidency, and the Area Health Education Center Program at the University of North Carolina (UNC), their move to Chapel Hill, N.C., in 1975, her experience volunteering as a tutor for high school students in the Chapel Hill public school system, her decision to enroll her children at the Durham Academy, her experience as volunteer director of Meals on Wheels, her and Ralph Nader's involvement with stopping sixteen-year-olds from becoming bus drivers in North Carolina, her friendship with Martha Tippett, her experience in graduate school at UNC, her involvement with founding a hospice in Durham, N.C., her first encounters with Alzheimer's patients, her sister-in-law's cerebral aneurysm and the legal battle that followed it, her employment with the School of Social Work, the Area Health Education Center in North Hampton, N.C., Geriatrics Telemedicine, and as chairwoman of Aging Concentration at UNC, her volunteer work at the geriatric clinic at UNC hospitals, her role as a mentor and educator to college students, her involvement with the Hubbard Project, her membership on the International Reminiscence and Life Review Board, her experience as chairwoman of the Orange County Advisory Board on Aging, her work to establish the Orange County Senior Citizen Center with the UNC Institute of Aging, her experience as board member of Carol Woods, her involvement with lobbyists and senators at the state and national level, and her thoughts about changes in policy at UNC hospitals and on campus with interviewer Natalie Marie Fousekis. 4 November 1998

"Florence Soltys, white allied health worker, discusses her childhood during the Depression in Tennessee, black friends and acquaintances in the Jim Crow South, family history, her time at the University of Tennessee, her master's degree in nutrition, Massachusetts General and Dr. John Rock, interest in geriatrics, the Boston, Mass., desegregation crisis, her employment as a nutritionist at a predominantly African American high school, the founding of hospice in North Carolina, first encounters with Alzheimer's patients, the founding and integration of Durham, N.C., hospice, home health, her sister-in-law's cerebral aneurysm and the two year legal battle to remove her gastronomy tube after declaring her brain dead, right to life movement's involvement in her sister-in-law's case, employment at the University of North Carolina's School of Social Work, the Hubbard Project for elderly in rural communities, chairmanship of the Orange County Advisory Board on Aging, establishment of the Orange County Senior Citizen Center, and the UNC Institute of Aging with interviewer Natalie Marie Fousekis. 4 November 1998"

Wade C. Bowick, African American religious leader, discusses his family background, community history, and childhood growing up in Richmond, Va., with his aunt and uncle, his thoughts on race relations in the South and in New York, his education, his work experience at United for Christ Church and interest in child evangelism, demographic changes in Northeast Central Durham and Latino immigration, and his thoughts on the power of racial stereotypes and the future of relations between the African American and Latino communities with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 9 April 1999

H. Brevard Brown, white religious leader, discusses his family background and community history, the impact of his father, who a minister, in shaping his involvement with urban ministries in Durham, N.C., his early work experiences with Christian outreach including his work with Goodwill Industries, his early encounters with race relations, his commitment to "saving" Northeast Central Durham neighborhoods through urban outreach, challenges faced by demographic shifts in the population, his work with African American and Latino children, the influence of urban ministries in Brooklyn, N.Y., and Chicago, Ill., on his career choice, his efforts to meet Latino needs, and his struggles to create partnerships with other churches around bringing together the Latino and African American communities with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 17 February 1999

Rebecca Clayton, white teacher, discusses her family background, growing up in Madison County, Va., in the 1940s and 1950s in a family that greatly valued education, her degree in education from Longwood College in Prince Edward County, Va., the community upheaval around the closing of schools in response to the pressure to desegregate and the impact of those experiences on her belief in racial tolerance, her employment at the Duke University libraries in Durham, N.C., and return to teaching in 1970 at the same time as public schools were being integrated in Durham, her memory of the efforts of teachers and school officials to promote understanding in students at that time, her move to teach at Fayetteville Street Elementary School in 1975, white flight to the suburbs and its impact on the racial composition of Durham public schools, her work at Eastway Elementary School in the mid-1990s, and the rapid increase in the Latino population and its effects on student interactions and curriculum, including the challenges of teaching students whose first language was not English, the ways in which the school sought to build bridges to the broader communities, and the impact of the growing emphasis on test scores on inhibiting efforts to focus on cultural learning with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 8 December 1988

Johnny Godair, white religious leader, discusses his family background and community history, his life on a farm in Portageville, Mo., the leadership in his racially diverse Pentecostal church in Missouri, his move to Durham, N.C., the founding of the United Pentecostal Church on Carver Street including the church congregation and his efforts to reach the Latino community through church services behind South Square Mall, Latino services, Spanish language classes, and job referrals, a brief overview of Latino immigrants, where they settled, and their occupations, and his thoughts on the impact of changing demographics as a reason for accepting Latino immigrants and the role of churches in promoting racial diversity with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 13 April 1999

William Thomas, African American business owner, discusses his family background and community history, his memories of the close knit community in Brookstown, N.C., during desegregation, his work experience, civil rights and community activism in New York during the 1950s and 1960s, his experiences with racial and cultural diversity and its impact on his conception of race relations, changes within the Albright community including an influx of Latino immigrants, the efforts of the African American community to reach them, and his desire for and the challenges of both communities reaching common ground with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 29 March 1999

Jacqueline Clemments, African American allied health worker, discusses her childhood moving around as the daughter of a father in the military, their settling in Durham, N.C., during her intermediate and high school years, her experiences of school segregation and integration, her education at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, her leave from Durham and return after the death of her husband, her work experiences as an African American woman at the American Heart Association and the Lincoln Health Center, the work atmosphere at the Lincoln Health Center including the makeup of clients and staff, the need for Spanish language, and her focus on HIV testing for pregnant women there as well as with the County Health Department, the reactions of Latina patients to the availability of healthcare, the reactions of workers to changes in patient population, and the cultural aspects involved in health care with interviewer Angela Hornsby-Gutting. 29 January 1999

John Heffernan, white religious leader, discusses his childhood in Buffalo, N.Y., his attendance in Catholic schools, his dental schooling and desire to help people by serving in the health profession, his residency in Virginia and thoughts of becoming a priest, his work in a private practice, the influence of his experience working on a service project in Haiti on his decision to enter the seminary under the Franciscan Order, his work at a parish in New Jersey, his move to Durham, N.C., the prevalence of the Latino community in Durham, the cultural and ethnic makeup of his congregation at Immaculate Conception Church and his decision to offer services in Spanish in 1997 and classes and religious education for the Latino community, his involvement with the Hispanic Center and other community organizations offering non-religious services for people, the growing participation in the church, African and Indian families in the congregation, the Catholic population and the history of the African American Catholic church in Durham, celebrations including the Celebration of Our Lady of Guadeloupe, and migrations into rural North Carolina and their effect on becoming religiously established with interviewer Ann Kaplan. 3 March 1999

Evelyn D. Schmidt, white physician, discusses her decision to leave the South after earning her undergraduate and medical degrees at Duke University, her return to Durham, N.C., to head the Durham Community Medical Center in the 1970s, the transformation of Durham after desegregation and the new challenges concerning poverty and an influx of new immigrants, her thoughts about the importance of providing access to health care, the need for preventive medicine, the rising uninsured population, the challenges of bilingualism, and the needs of a changing community and their connections to race, class, nationality, and health with interviewer Ann Kaplan. 9 February 1999

Ann-Marie Villasana, white physician, discusses her family background and childhood growing up in Chicago, Ill., her parents' education and work with civil rights through the Catholic Settlement House Movement, their relationship to the church and inner-city neighborhoods, their move to the suburbs, confrontation with a lack of ethnic diversity, and return to the city, her education at Catholic and public inner-city schools, her undergraduate education at the University of Illinois at Chicago and return to school for nursing, meeting her husband Pedro Villasana who was an undocumented immigrant, their move to Chapel Hill, N.C. in 1985, where she studied occupational therapy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), their confrontation with a lack of Latin Americans and Latino food and culture in North Carolina, her experience helping immigrants get green cards with the Integration, Reform, and Control Act of 1987, her thesis work with them and injured Latino farm workers around health care and its cultural connection to time, her experience teaching English and helping immigrants navigate real estate and healthcare, her involvement with the Holy Cross Catholic Church, their Spanish services, and tensions between the African American and Latino communities in the church including an incident at the church Feast of the Virgin of Guadeloupe with interviewer Ann Kaplan. 5 February 1999

Jose Armando Carbajal, Latino labor leader, discusses his childhood in Honduras, including his schooling and work in the banana processing factory, his involvement with unions and the Labor movement in Honduras, the impact of the 1954 strike, his work with unions in the health and hotel industries, military power in Honduras until 1982 and civilian rule under Roberto Suazo Cordova, union strikes under Cordova and his activism in these and other union efforts, his understanding of political developments in Nicaragua and El Salvador, his military training at West Point, disappearances in Honduras, the "Soccer War," his work on cruise ships and the exploitation of workers he saw there, his moves to San Francisco, Calif., and Durham, N.C., and his experiences with work and community in each place, his thoughts on United States international policy, crime against Latinos, Latino and African American relations, the need for community-level involvement around minority discrimination, his concerns at the time of the interview of 1999 about gaining American citizenship, his work with the National Council for Occupational Safety and Health (NCOSH) helping educate and organize Latino workers, his work with the United Food and Commercial Workers and involvement with CASA Multicultural, his feelings about the Hispanic Center in Durham and the efforts of the Police Department, his involvement with the Farmworker Labor Organizers Committee (FLOC) and the National Organizer Alliance (NOA), and his thoughts on Durham and the opportunities there for working together as a community with interviewer Alicia J. Rouvernol. 24 May 1999

Steven Chalmers, African American police officer, discusses his experiences as a police officer in Northeast Central Durham, N.C., working with Latino and African American communities, his development of a community policing initiative called Partners Against Crime (PAC), various police department and community residents and organizations he worked with in Northeast Central Durham in assessing needs in the community, leadership roles in the community, the influx of Latinos and the challenges of bringing them into the community efforts, relations between Latinos and African Americans and the need to build trust between them, the involvement of the Hispanic Outreach Intervention and Strategy Team (HOIST) and community reactions, the need to address all social and economic issues in the community, the creation and placement of Eastway Schools, his thoughts on the reasons for decline in Northeast Central Durham and the loss of community stability, efforts to address housing in the area, the Weed and Seed program and others designed to address crime in inner-city neighborhoods, efforts with Carl Washington to involve 50 agencies in these efforts and find support from corporations, agencies, churches, businesses, neighborhood associations, and universities, the support of Frank Kenan and William Friday, the creation of the Durham Scholars Program and the importance of education to Northeast Central Durham, the creation of the Reinvestment Center, the involvement of the Hispanic Center and the Immaculate Conception Church, his thoughts on how to bring the Latino and African American communities together, interactions between the Durham Police Department and the Latino community, differences between life in Durham when he was growing up and the time of the interview in 1999, the impact of urban renewal/removal, his education at Hillside High School in the first integrated class, his education at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, his start with police work including the Crimestoppers program, the National Night Out program, and a community relations program, and his definition of a healthy community including involvement and reinvestment from residents and service providers with interviewer Alicia J. Rouvernol. 24 February 1999

George Crews, African American program coordinator, discusses the history behind Northeast Central Durham (NECD), the forming of Partners Against Crime (PAC) and their goals concerning education, quality of life, economics, and crime, the mission and services of NECD, their work with the Latino population especially around language, the support of Durham City, Duke University Fast Track, and North Carolina Central University (NCCU) in helping develop and run the PEACH program, Family Preservation, and Helping Parents Help Children, efforts around housing, crime, immunization, and nutrition in the community, demographic changes in the neighborhood and the influx of Latino immigrants, discrimination against Latinos, relations between the Latino and African American communities, the importance of communication and understanding across these and the Anglo American communities, his experiences growing up and living on Juniper Street and his speculations on changes he has seen, homeownership, responses of the city and community to problems of Northeast Central Durham, low wages and lack of work opportunities for Latino and African American communities, his early schooling and educational background with Upward Bound and a tutorial program at Duke University, his early work as a teacher's assistant in the Durham public school system, his experiences working with the Family Preservation Project and Eastway Schools, his studies at Southeastern Seminary in Wake Forest, N.C., his desire to help others through the NECD tutorial program, his role at the center, his family background, his studies at the time of the interview in 1999 at NCCU, his ministry, race relations between the white and African American community growing up in Northeast Central Durham, his thoughts on racial lines and issues in Durham, Durham schools and mergers, "melting pot" vs. "salad bowl," and his desire to understand the Latino experience and reduce issues with interviewer Alicia J. Rouvernol. 18 February 1999

Martina Dunford, African American program coordinator, discusses the history of the Edgemont Community Center, the characteristics of the predominantly African American community in Edgemont, changes in the community throughout the 1990s, remaining obstacles preventing true equality of opportunity, issues coming from cultural difference, the impact of the rapidly growing Latino population in Durham, N.C., the isolation of the Latino and African American communities in Edgemont, efforts of the Edgemont Community Center toward bringing these communities together and providing children with opportunities, her childhood in Norfolk, Va., and the importance of education, religion, and her experiences with racial discrimination during her early years, and her encounters with racism when she moved to Durham in 1991 with interviewer Alicia J. Rouvernol. 18 February 1999

Lawrence Ridgle, African American member of the military, discusses his early childhood during the Great Depression and growing up on Fayetteville Street in Durham, N.C., the character of his neighborhood, "getting by" during the Great Depression, his admiration for the social welfare programs that Franklin Delano Roosevelt implemented, his thoughts on the modern welfare system, the importance of community togetherness, his father's employment with the American Tobacco Company, his thoughts on the state of the African American community as a result of urban renewal projects with interviewer Alicia J. Rouverol. 3 June 1999

Lawrence Ridgle, African American member of the military, discusses his father and sister's work with the American Tobacco Company, his years with the United States Army including his leadership roles and the racial tensions he witnessed, his thoughts on the state of affairs for the African American community at the time of this interview in 1999, the impact of demographic changes and the rapidly growing Latino population, tensions between the Latino and African American communities, his hopes that the two groups, as well as poor whites, could learn from one another and work together, his thoughts regarding urban renewal and its impact on the African American community, his thoughts on the current welfare system and his perception of drug use in Durham, N.C., with interviewer Alicia J. Rouverol. 9 June 1999

Jacqueline Wagstaff, African American community organizer, discusses her family background and childhood raised by her uncle and aunt on a farm in Caswell County, N.C., the impact of her mother's early death on her desire to help people relate to their families, her religious upbringing as a "traditional" Baptist, her role in the white Baptist church she was attending at the time of the interview in 1998, her church's work in the community, race relations in Caswell County, her experiences starting school during integration, her move to Burlington, N.C., in high school, her attendance at Guilford Technical Community College, her travels to Baltimore, Md., New Jersey, and New York and return to North Carolina, her work for a veterinarian, at hotels, at a head inquiry program, and in home health care, meeting her husband in Roxboro, N.C., her children and in-home child care, her catering business out of her home, her work volunteering in the schools, on Fayetteville Street, at the Holloway Street School and with the PTA, her work with the Holloway Street School running after-school and continuing education programs, her work with seasonal sports for Parks and Recreation, networking in the community, running summer camps, and substitute teaching, the importance of education and the environment she wants for her children, her work with Carl Washington who got her involved in community work, the founding of Northeast Central Durham (NECD) and Partners Against Crime (PAC), her community work with Few Gardens in Edgemont, her work establishing Padlock, a tutorial program for kids run by parents, her work with Women Striving to Achieve (WSA) and with Martina Dunford in addressing women's social concerns around housing, relationships, and children, her starting of Blacks and Hispanics are Alike (BAHAA) when the Latino population at Eastway Schools started growing, her starting of Parents on Patrol at Eastway Schools, her connections with SEEDS community garden, discrimination against and racial tensions between the African American and Latino communities, the impact of BAHAA in improving those relationships, jobs, housing, and other shared goals and issues for both African Americans and Latinos, the Campaign for Better Housing and her work with Katushka Olave and Rogelio Valencia, her work with Family Nights at the NECD Community Service Center, reactions to the influx of Latino immigrants and concerns about loss of jobs and language barriers, the feelings toward outsiders' involvement in the community and her belief in the importance of community member involvement, task forces through the PAC, NECD membership and demographics, and improvements in Latino and African American relations through community-based work with interviewer Alicia J. Rouverol. 1 December 1998

Julia Peaks de-Heer, African American childcare worker, discusses her early childhood years in Stagville, N.C., before moving to Hopkins Street in Durham, N.C. in the 1950s, the close-knit community on her street, her memories of the activities, foodways, and work of community leaders, the role of the Greater Zion Wall Church, her time spent in Washington, D.C., and Virginia in the 1960s and 1970s, her return to North Carolina in 1980, her involvement with Greater Zion Wall Church and visions for its role in community improvement around helping disadvantaged children and bridging divisions between the African American and Latino communities with interviewer Jill Hemming. 8 January 1999

Concepcion Fabila, Latina service industry employee, discusses her family life in Mexico, memories of her childhood, her move to the United States, her employment cleaning houses and working at the dry cleaners, aspects of her daily life including her interactions with others at work, shopping at Food Lion, and preparing food, her daughter's experiences at school, relations between the African American and Latino communities, differences in discrimination between Mexico and the United States, and her generally positive experiences in the United States with interviewer Colin Austin. 20 February 1999

Rosa Galvan, Latina domestic worker, discusses her family background and childhood in Rioverde, San Luis Potosi, Mexico especially compared to life for children in the United States, her arrival in the United States as a tourist and move to Florida to work in the orange groves, her difficulties in finding healthcare, her move to Chicago, Ill., and working long hours at a restaurant, her decision to stay in the United States to work because of troubles with a money lender in Mexico, her arrival in North Carolina including the help of a local Catholic priest, the poor housing conditions, learning English, and difficulty obtaining child care, her desire to help newcomers, her experience obtaining prenatal care and birth assistance at Lincoln Health Center, her experiences with discrimination, relations between the African American and Latino communities, her home life and experiences with domestic violence toward her and her children, her difficulties in receiving assistance from local authorities, the importance of religion and prayer in her life, her work at the time of the interview in 1999 cleaning houses and apartments, her children's school and social life in the neighborhood, her difficulties finding time to socialize because of her long work hours, her interest in working for the Census, and her desire to maintain language, religious, and cultural traditions in her family with interviewer Colin Austin. 30 June 1999

Michael G. Jones, African American business owner, discusses his family background and business and childhood growing up on Fayetteville Street in Durham, N.C., decline in the neighborhood around issues of renting and owning property, running businesses, and the rise of drugs, the efforts of neighborhood organizations, churches, and leaders such as Calina Smith to improve the neighborhood, his involvement with the Union Baptist Church and at the East End and Eastway Elementary Schools, the opportunities in Durham for African American entrepreneurs historically and at the time of the interview in 1999, his father, mother, brothers, and his education at North Carolina Central University (NCCU), the school system in Durham and the "freedom of choice" in the 1960s, desegregation of Durham and divisions in the city and county school systems, his education and experiences at Hillside High School, the importance of East End Elementary School to the community, the importance of strong African American role models growing up, his family's involvement with the Durham Committee on the Affairs of Black People, economic differences between new Durham suburbs and the inner city, challenges in Northeast Central Durham around stability and homeownership, relations between the African American and Latino communities, his thoughts on the Latino community and their presence and investment in the neighborhood, and his vision for a strong community with interviewer Jill Hemming. 19 March 1999

Jose Lopez, Latino construction worker, discusses his childhood and life in Mexico City including his work selling newspapers at an early age then working in construction, his brief education and need to work to support his family, his decision to move to the United States to find work and arrival in Durham, N.C., moving his family to Durham and his wife's feelings about living there, his experiences with discrimination in the community and at work and his fears of being mugged or robbed, the support of the Latino community in finding work and meeting needs, his difficulty in socializing or taking English classes because of his long work hours, his children's experiences and difficulties in school, their experiences with healthcare, and their difficulties in maintaining their traditional culture and efforts to make traditional foods and go dancing at The Eclipse, where they play Latino music with interviewer Colin Austin. 26 July 1999

Armando Mendez discusses his family history and the history of his birthplace, Puebla de Zaragoza, Mexico, government control of educational materials and the politics and social circumstances of Mexico including Zapatismo, his experience with student riots and the massacre of 1968, the impact of the devaluation of the peso on crime and unrest in Mexico, his first trip to Alaska to find work, his return to Mexico, his arrival in Durham, N.C., and the assistance of friends in finding work and a place to live, his encounters with discrimination against immigrants in the workplace, his thoughts on humans rights issues, global economic and political forces, and the importance of religion and spiritual life, his involvement in a local church and their support of immigrants, differences between houses in Mexico and North Carolina and immigrant fear of being robbed, his desire for the local police to learn about Latino culture and take preventative measures, the need for social problems to be addressed, and the work of the Centro Hispano and Casa Multicultural with interviewer Colin Austin. 21 December 1998

Katuskla Olave, Latina journalist, with interviewer Alicia H. Rouvernol. 9 December 1998

Katuskla Olave, Latina journalist, discusses her devotion to social and racial justice, her efforts to promote these values in Durham, N.C., through volunteering and working with community organizations, her opinions on social activism, aid organizations, and Latino cultural identity, and her efforts to bridge the gap between the African American and Latino communities in Durham with interviewer Alicia H. Rouvernol. 9 December 1998

Henry Landsburger, white professor, with interviewer Mark Klempner. 9 March 1999

Malvina Markman, white professor, with interviewer Mark Klempner.  8 December 1998

Harry Phillips, white professor, with interviewer Mark Klempner.  17 March 1999

Beryl Slome, dentist and professor, with interviewer Mark Klempner.  11 November 1998

Helen Stahl, teacher with interviewer Mark Klempner.  12 March 1999

Albrecht Strauss, white professor, with interviewer Mark Klempner.  11 November 1998

Charles Frederick Boger, white textile worker, with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

Benjamin Franklin Ijames, African American textile worker, with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

John Lewis Ijames, African American textile worker, with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

Dewhitt Neely, African American textile worker, with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

Charlie Tenor and Willie James White, African American factory workers, with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

Jenelle Watkins with interviewer William Jones. 21 May 1997

Alma Enloe, African American service industry worker, discusses her memories in one of the last all-African American classes to graduate from West Charlotte High School before integration, the centrality of the school to the African American community, and the role of teachers and student activities in maintaining that connection by teaching students at home, at school, and in the community with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 18 May 1998

Arthur Griffin, African American attorney, discusses his experience attending segregated schools and his involvement in school politics in Charlotte, N.C., the legacies of desegregation and the nature of racism, his memories of Second Ward High School, its teachers, its inadequate resources, and its closing during desegregation, the impacts of desegregation in teaching white and African American people to work together, and the race-related problems that still persist, including low academic achievement among African American students with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 7 May 1999

William Hamlin discusses his education at West Charlotte High School before integration, the school's magnetism and glowing reputation, the violent integration process, its successes, the problems of racism and difficulties for the success of African Americans that still persist, and his belief in a degree of cultural separatism because of the potential erosion of cultural traditions with total integration with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 29 May 1998

Ned Irons, white student athlete, discusses his experiences as a racial minority at the historically African American West Charlotte High School, the reputation of the sports programs and the intellectually stimulating and socially challenging environment there, the African American cultural identity of the school and the impact of learning about that culture on his own prejudices, his perception of race relations in Charlotte, N.C., and his belief in the importance of socioeconomics in explaining segregation with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 16 March 1999

Harriet Gentry Love, African American nurse, discusses her reverence for and experiences at West Charlotte High School before integration, the centrality of the school within the African American community, and the successes of integrating the school with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 17 June 1998

John W. Love, Jr., African American actor and poet, discusses his thoughts on the history and culture of West Charlotte High School, his memories of the integration process and his thoughts on its long-term effects, and the cultural diversity of the school and disagreements that come from it with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 17 February 1999

Latrelle P. McAllister, African American student, discusses her experiences at West Charlotte High School from 1973 to 1976, the vibrant and diverse atmosphere at the school, the marching band, her belief in the value of integration and exposing students to diverse cultures, and her concerns over the effects of busing on neighborhood cohesion with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 25 June 1998

Leory "Pop" Miller, African American teacher and school administrator, discusses the day-to-day details of high school administration, especially the changes that occurred during integration in Charlotte, N.C., with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 8 June 1998

Brian Tarr, teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 27 April 1999

Carrie Abramson, white former student, discusses her experiences at West Charlotte High School, the impact of the school's racial diversity on her, her future, and her perception of segregation in school and at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and her belief in the importance of racial diversity with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 21 February 1999

Jeff Black, African American student, discusses his experiences at the intellectually stimulating, socially energizing, and racially diverse West Charlotte High School, the ties between the school and the African American community, the lasting impacts of segregation at the school including self-segregation in the cafeteria, few numbers of minority students in advanced classes, and the administration's limitation of marching band routines demonstrating certain aspects of African American culture, and his perception of the school's sense of belonging outweighing racism and race issues with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 29 March 1999

William Culp, white teacher, discusses his experiences teaching in post-desegregation Charlotte, N.C., the dedication of students, teachers, and administrators at West Charlotte High School to maintaining respect and cooperation across races, the impact of the one semester he spent there, along with his upbringing and time in the United States Army on his belief in racial diversity and advocacy for interracial cooperation with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 19 February 1999

Saundra Davis, African American student, discusses her experience attending segregated schools growing up, her support for West Charlotte High School, her opinions on busing, diversity, and the limited success of integration in Charlotte, N.C., and her perception of the lack of commitment of white teachers to teaching African American students and the lack of governmental resources for African American communities with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 12 May 1998

John Boles, police officer, with interviewer Lisa Stroud. 10 November 1998

Bertha Daniel with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 19 July 2000

Doris Denning, business owner, discusses her move to Cary, N.C., in 1944, her previous work experiences before opening the Grocery Boy grocery store in Cary with her husband in 1951, the history of the business including their delivery methods and competition with chain stores such as Winn-Dixie, their opening of several convenience stores in and around Wake County, N.C., which they now lease to individuals but that remain under the control of her and her family, and the history of the town of Cary with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 17 June 1999

Rachel Dunham, teacher, with interviewer Lisa Huggins Towle. 18 November 1998

Clyde Evans with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 28 March 2000

Ruth Fox, teacher and school administrator, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 10 June 1999

Carl A. Mills, white teacher and school administrator, discusses his experiences as principal of Cary Elementary, Junior High, and High School, and superintendent of the public schools in Cary, N.C., his memories of desegregation in Cary, including the involvement of local committees and government inspectors and the low representation of African American students due to many leaving school to learn trades, and his decision to leave education for a career in town recreation with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 30 June 1999

Ned Perry, firefighter, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 30 March 1999

Mary Belle Phillips, saleswoman, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 22 June 1999

Austin Rich, hairdresser, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 24 July 2000

Bill Rogers and Barbara Rogers, business owners, discuss Bill's background and childhood in Cary, N.C., including his education and decision to pursue a career in education, the history of his father's three grocery stores in Cary before Piggly Wiggly and Winn-Dixie ran them out of business, the history of the Rogers Restaurant, originally owned by his father, and its closing in 1991, their ownership of Rogers Motel, and the difficulties they faced while running both the restaurant and motel while maintaining the small town feel of Cary with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 2 August 2000

Warren Williams with interviewer Anne Kratzer. 24 October 1998

Elva Templeton, white teacher, discusses her childhood in segregated Cary, N.C., including the African American neighborhoods and her relationship with some African American community members, and other aspects of race relations and southern girlhood in Cary with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 24 January 1976

Robert Godbold, firefighter and member of the city council, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 14 November 2000

Robert Heater with interviewer Anne Kratzer. 6 August 1999

Carlos Yates Jordan, railroad employee, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 8 December 2000

Clyde Keisler, Jr.,  with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 25 August 2000

John Yarborough with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 21 August 2000

Marie Seeger and Fred Seeger discuss with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc.  23 August 2000

Bill Burkhardt with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 20 August 1999

Mary Crowder with interviewer Anne Kratzer. 1 April 1999

Hilda Cannady Crumpler with interviewer Anne Kratzer.  27 May 1995

Charles Dreher with interviewers Lisa Huggins Towle and Peggy Van Scoyoc. 30 October 1999

Esther Ivey with interviewer Anne Kratzer. 21 March 1982

Esther Ivey with interviewer Pat Haley. 21 February 1985

Emma Lou Johnson and Raymond Johnson with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc.  30 September 2001

James L. "Pete" Murdock with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 8 February 2001

Christine Nordan with interviewer Sarah Sheffield. 28 June 2001

Mildred Sanderford with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 20 August 2001

Charles Adams, white teacher and coach, discusses his family background and childhood in Cary, N.C., including his father, Henry Adams, and his local drugstore and appliance store, his father's commitment to education, equal opportunities for African American children, and the spearheading of integration in Cary as a member of the Wake County Board of Education, his own experiences as a teacher and coach at Cary High School during integration, the efforts of the school board to work with the African American community in devising gradual desegregation plans with the intention of fully integrating within a few years, Cary Schools as a model, opposition to the implementation of school busing in the 1970s, the importance of athletics during the integration process in providing a common ground for African American and white students to work together, and his suggestions for other interviewees with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 18 February 2000

Daphne Ashworth and Ralph Ashworth with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 5 August 2003

Koka Booth, white mayor and city council member, discusses early interest in the Research Triangle Park area and its potential for growth, his move to Cary, N.C., in 1971, his immersion into the community and experience on the town council and as mayor, the town council's dedication to cleaning up downtown, his efforts as mayor to pave roads, build recreation facilities, and oversee the construction of a water treatment plant, his hopes at the time of the interview in 2004 for Cary's continued growth, and his cautiousness over the city's reliance on private businesses with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 6 July 2004

Tom Byrd with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 25 January 2005

Linda Evans, African American artist, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 22 May 2003

Betty Farrar and Leroy Farrar with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 22 July 2003

S. J. Farrar and Leonia Farrar, African American minister and charity worker, discuss growing up in poverty in rural Chatham County, N.C., Samuel's efforts to enter the sharecropping business, their move to Durham, N.C., in 1959, their return to farm life in 1951, the building of their home in 1957, various experiences with with manual labor, saving money, raising a family, and enduring racial discrimination from landlords, coworkers, and others, Samuel's work as a minister supervising 23 churches, and Leonia's work as a beautician and eventual calling in charitable work with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 28 May 2003

Anne Kratzer, teacher, with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 13 March 2005

Gwendolyn Matthews, African American professor, discusses growing up in Cary, N.C., her education at the African American Berry O'Kelly High School, her selection to be one of the first African American students to integrate Cary High School, her father's active role with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and their efforts to integrate Wake County Schools, her memories of integration including the hostility she met from white students and teachers and her decision to not get involved with athletics and school clubs, the impact of this experience on her compassion toward others, her college education and eventual career as an English teacher, her experiences of racial discrimination in Cary and involvement in civil rights activities, and her thoughts on the positive and negative consequences of integration including the greater opportunities for education, employment, and housing, and the loss of community among African Americans with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 9 December 1999

Jerry Miller with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 5 August 2004

Carolyn F. Rogers, African American teacher, discusses her childhood in a sharecropping family, her family's move to Cary, N.C., in 1959, the building of their family house, her father's emphasis on maintaining a connection to rural ethics, her experiences with racism upon entering the workforce, the impact of her father's protectiveness and support of African American-owned businesses on her sense of pride, her experience teaching at East Cary Middle School then serving as assistant principal at Davis Drive Middle School before retiring, her memories of the difficulties of student and faculty integration and problems with busing, and her thoughts regarding social and economic impacts on students' abilities and test scores with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 22 May 2003

Margaret Mills Travis with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 28 January 2005

Carolyn Barbee Allen and Clabron Ann Barbee Powell discuss their lives growing up on the Barbee farm and homestead on Davis Drive in Cary, N.C., their education at the original Green Hope Elementary School and Apex High School, their experience working in tobacco barns during the summers, their family history, the history of other families in the Morrisville and Carpenter area of what is now Cary, and their current process at the time of the interview in 2014 of selling the farm and homestead to Preston Development with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 1 August 2014

Vijaya Bapat, East Indian American physician, discusses the history of Indian immigration to the United States, her experiences as a newly arrived emigrant, the thriving Indian community in Cary and Morrisville, her thoughts on stereotypes about immigrants, and her desire to educate Americans about Indian values, culture, and their contributions in the United States with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 17 September 2013

Margaret Broadwell, white mayor, discusses growing up in Cary, N.C., her education at Cary Elementary and High Schools, her experience as first female mayor of Morrisville, N.C., her time on the Morrisville Town Council, and her memories of the schools in Cary, and the people and politics of both Cary and Morrisville with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 18 December 2013

Vivian Dalmas, Rosemarie Verhoeven, and Linda Weaver, white teachers, discuss their experiences as the developers of the first classes for the hearing impaired in a public school in Wake County, N.C., their experiences working with parents, and the spread of their project throughout middle and high schools in Wake County with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 30 April 2013

Vivian Dalmas, Lewanna Stout, Rosemarie Verhoeven, and Linda Weaver, white teachers, discuss their experiences and the details of developing a program for teaching hearing impaired students in public schools, beginning at Cary Elementary School in 1967, and their memories of students and their lives after graduation with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 10 September 2013

Michael Edwards discusses his family background, childhood growing up on a farm in the Carpenter, Green Level area of Cary, N.C., his memories of neighbors and the community and culture of this small farming area, his education at the original Green Hope School and Apex High School, and his college education at North Carolina State University (NCSU) with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 23 January 2014

Jimmy Gibbs, African American minister, discusses the history of his great-grandfather, Rev. Dr. Meadows, who was a traveling minister and the principal and teacher at the Cary Colored School from 1900 to 1935, the provenance of items owned by Dr. Meadows that he and his mother donated to the Town of Cary, N.C., and the his family genealogy with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 12 August 2014

Virginia Jones discusses her family background, especially her grandfather Wiley D. Jones and his house at the corner of Academy Street and Dry Avenue in Cary, N.C., with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 12 April 2013

Jean Hobby Ladd discusses growing up on Dry Avenue in Cary, N.C., her school across the street, her grandfather Wiley D. Jones, and her memories of visiting his house on Academy Street and Dry Street, attending school, and growing up in downtown Cary, including people she has known with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc.  20 September 2014

Robert Maynard, manager, discusses his family background and childhood growing up and working on a farm, his father's selling of parcels of their land for the new Cary High School on Walnut Street, a church, and the Cary Towne Mall, his memories of going to the Cary High School on Academy Street, and his college education at East Carolina University with classmates Charlie Adams and Guy Mendenhall with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 5 April 2012

John W. Sears and Maggie Belle Stone Sears discuss their family backgrounds and childhoods on farms in Cary, N.C., Maggie's family's farm land on the north corner of High House Road and Davis Drive, now owned by Tim Council, their education and meeting at the original Green Hope High School, their marriage and five children, their lives together, John's careers, and their son's development and building of SearStone retirement communities on the Stone family farmland with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 12 October 2012

Bob Strother, white teacher and florist, discusses his career as a florist and floral design teacher in Cary, N.C., his purchase of the Matthews House in 1962 and conversion of the ground floor into his florist shop, his purchase of the Page-Walker Hotel in 1972 and selling of it to the town of Cary, his loss of the Matthews House, and his new florist shop at the time of the interview in 2012 on East Chatham Street in Cary with interviewers Peggy Van Scoyoc and Kris Carmichael. 25 July 2012

Terry Thorne, white business owner, discusses his childhood in New York and move to Cary, N.C., in high school, his education at Broughton High School, his college education, his draft into the United States Marines, his work with graphic design and advertising, life in Cary, Durham, and Wilmington, N.C., his ownership and management of several convenience store chains, his assistance with Friends of the Page-Walker Hotel and their efforts to save the building, his experience running for political offices in Cary and Wilmington and on other town council committees, and his work with the Heart of Cary Association with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 19 September 2012

Lynn Banks, white real estate agent, discusses his childhood in Cary, N.C., his education at Cary High School, his brother Thad who went missing in action during World War II and is presumed dead, memories of childhood and the Boy Scouts, his college education at Wake Forest University, his career selling real estate, and his marriage to Dot Banks, with whom he has two children with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 5 February 2015

Joe Grissom, white human resources personnel, discusses the history of Umstead Park, including King George III land grants and families who lived there, his family's running of the Company Mill in Umstead Park, and his education at Cary Elementary and High School with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 11 February 2015

Raoul J. Maynard, white government employee, discusses his childhood in Cary, N.C., his education at Cary High School and Campbell College, his marriage and two children, and his work for the state of North Carolina throughout his career with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 1 April 2015

Ron Barbee, white farmer, discusses his family background stretching back to the late 1600s, and the history of his family farm including the tenant farmer family they hired, and his memory of a lynching that he thought took place in Cary with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 14 April 2015

Michael Edwards, white real estate agent, discusses his move to Atlanta, Ga., from California, his opening of several jewelry stores there, his return to Apex and Cary, N.C., where he opened another jewelry store before going into commercial real estate, and the background of some of the heritage families in the Apex, Carpenter, and Green Level area of present-day Cary with interviewer Peggy Van Scoyoc. 7 February 2014

Charles Delmar, white teacher, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 14 November 2000

Joseph Herzenberg, white town councilman and political activist, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 1 November 2000

Daniel Nurse, white allied health professional, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 9 November 2000

Jerry Michael Penny, white business owner, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 2 November 2000

John Short with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 20 October 2000

Jerry Young (pseudonym), white teacher, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 4 November 2000

Quinton E. Baker, African American political activist, discusses his childhood in the segregated South, his experiences coming out as a gay man and trying to find acceptance in the white gay community, his education at North Carolina Central University, his involvement in civil rights protests and experience teaching about nonviolent protests in Chapel Hill, N.C., his friendship with Pat Cusick and sexual relationship with John Dunne, his experiences in prison for protesting and its impact on his life, his education at the University of Wisconsin, his time in Boston, Mass., and his return to North Carolina and involvement in community affairs and social justice, especially around health care with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 23 February 2002

William Baskins, white teacher and school administrator, discusses his life as a gay man in Chapel Hill, N.C., before women attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) in great numbers, and the social lives of gay men in Chapel Hill in the latter part of the first half of the twentieth century with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 21 September 2001

James M. Baxter, white editor, discusses his involvement with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) publications in North Carolina and their role in the LGBT community, his early life, his schooling and personal activities, and his thoughts on the LGBT community with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 21 September 2001

Angela Brightfeather, American Indian political activist, discusses her childhood growing up in Syracuse, N.Y., during the late 1940s and 1950s knowing at an early age that she was transgender, her experiences as a transgender adult and how it operates in her personal life, her involvement in a small but thriving transgender community, variations of transgenderism and her thoughts about gender and sexuality, the end of her first marriage and the impact of her experiences as a single parent on understanding her feminine side, her second marriage, her move to North Carolina in 1999 to pursue better opportunities for her commercial plumbing business, her experiences as a vocal activist for transgender issues, her involvement in founding Expressing our Nature (EON), the Stonewall Committee's refusal to include transgender people in their Human Rights Law in her county in New York, her perception of divisions and tensions within the LGBT community between transgender people and gay and lesbian people and her thoughts about working together to attain political and social equality for LGBT people, comparisons between the experiences of transgender people and LGBT communities in the North and the South, her activist work with Equality North Carolina and the Human Rights Committee, and the longer history of transgender people and its connections to Native American history and spirituality with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 24 January 2002

Lily Rose DeVee, white artist, discusses her life as a transgender person dressing and acting her gender role in a conservative North Carolina city, and how her generation handled transgenderism in southern society with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 3 January 2002

Mark Donahue, white political activist, discusses his life and experiences as a gay man living in Chapel Hill, N.C., including the beginnings of the AIDS crisis, the ways in which gay activists were treated by the student population, and the presence of gay business owners in North Carolina, the formation of Crooks Corner, and Bob Paige and Replacements, Ltd. and its support of the Human Rights Campaign (HRC), the North Carolina Gay and Lesbian Film Festival, and political candidates including Elaine Marshall with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 9 January 2002

Bill Hull discusses his experiences growing up with all gay siblings, his thoughts on the need for discretion and potential economic recrimination or physical violence for publicly acknowledging one's homosexuality, his own coming-out experience and the impact of the liberating Chapel Hill, N.C., atmosphere on gay men, the impact of his experiences at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and participation in local civil rights movements on his sexual and social consciousness, prominent gay personalities in Chapel Hill, the pivotal role of early gay bars on his sexual identity, public safe sexual havens on the UNC campus, the fear of HIV and AIDS within the gay community in the early 1980s, and the impact of the conservative backlash toward gay culture on the openness of the Chapel Hill gay community with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 21 June 2001

Sam Hull, white editor, discusses his childhood and life growing up in a household where three of four brothers were gay, his perspectives of the Chapel Hill, N.C., gay community in the 1960s through the 1980s, the AIDS crisis and its effect on the gay community of Chapel Hill and the Research Triangle, and the evolution of Chapel Hill gay culture from the 1960s to the time of the interview in 2001 with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 20 June 2001

Clayton Jackson, white business owner and gay rights activist, discusses his background and coming out experience while he was in the military, and his perspective of gay life in Chapel Hill, N.C., from the mid 1950s to the 1980s including bars that existed in the Research Triangle, the public sex venues of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and in Raleigh and Durham, N.C., house parties, and prominent gay personalities with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 1 July 2001

Clayton Jackson, white business owner and gay rights activist, discusses his background and coming out experience while he was in the military, and his perspective of gay life in Chapel Hill, N.C., from the mid 1950s to the 1980s including bars that existed in the Research Triangle, the public sex venues of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and in Raleigh and Durham, N.C., house parties, and prominent gay personalities with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 6 July 2001

Ian Thomas Palmquist, white program coordinator and gay rights activist, discusses his education and experiences at Enloe High School in Raleigh, N.C., during the 1990s including his coming to terms with his sexual orientation and banding together with other students to fight hate against gay and lesbian people, his education and experiences at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and involvement with Bisexuals, Gays, Lesbians, and allies for Diversity (B-GLAD), the role of B-GLAD on campus and its relationship with student government, the changing of the name to the Queer Network for Change (QNC) to be more inclusive of transgender students, and his involvement with Equality NC's political action committee (PAC) and their support of gay-friendly legislators and efforts to raise awareness and promote tolerance with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 27 June 2001

Cecil W. Wooten, white professor, discusses his childhood growing up in Kinston, N.C., in the 1940s and 1950s, his early awareness of his homosexuality, his involvement with the gay community while he was at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) as a graduate student in the late 1960s and early 1970s, his fear of his sexuality jeopardizing his career as a classics scholar and its impact on his involvement with the gay community at that time, his move to Bloomington, Ind., where he taught at Indiana University and gradually became more open with his sexuality, his coming out to his family and friends, his return to UNC as a professor and his involvement with gay activism as faculty advisor for the Carolina Gay Association (later renamed the Carolina Gay and Lesbian Association), tensions between the association and student government, the evolution and growth of the association and their work to include sexual orientation in the university's nondiscrimination policy, and other networks and organizations available to gay and lesbian people in Chapel Hill in the 1980s with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 16 July 2001

Perry Deane Young, white journalist and author, with interviewer Chris McGinnis. 18 June 2001

James Atwater, African American professor, discusses his childhood and life in Chapel Hill, N.C., from the 1930s to the 1950s, his memories of African American neighbors and their interactions in social, religious, and academic activities, the impact of segregation on his community and the schools, white supremacy at the University of North Carolina, and his thoughts on segregation in Chapel Hill compared to Durham and Carrboro, N.C., and Philadelphia, Pa., with interviewer Jennifer Nardone. 28 February 2001

Edwin Caldwell, Jr., African American politician, discusses his involvement with civil rights activism, his assistance in electing Howard Lee as the first African American mayor of Chapel Hill, N.C., his own experiences running for office, his time on the Chapel Hill Carrboro School Board, the details of some of his positions, and the influence of his race on his political life with interviewer Oliver White. 2 March 2001

Kathy Cheek, white secretary, discusses her experiences in elementary school during the desegregation of Chapel Hill schools, and her memories of race relations at the time with interviewer Susan Upton. 27 March 2003

John Ray Davis, African American maintenance worker, discusses his experiences in Chatham County and Chapel Hill, N.C., his father's work as a tenant farmer in the 1930s and 1940s, his education and experiences at the all-black Horton High School in Pittsboro, N.C., and Lincoln High School in Chapel Hill including playing football on a state championship team with coaches Willy Peerman and Will Bradshaw, other sports at Lincoln High School, and the Lincoln High School Band, First Baptist Church of Chapel Hill, the opportunities that came with moving to Chapel Hill, his work at the Colonial, the impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision, his work as a plasterer, his marriage and the birth of his children, his experiences working his way up at Smith and having disagreements with his boss over wages, his work for Kutz Realty, Walter Hamilton at the University of North Carolina (UNC), the Neighborhood Development Program, and the town of Chapel Hill, his experiences on and aspirations to be the first African American president of the building association, his support of those involved with the Civil Rights Movement including T. T. Foushee and Harold Foster, his experiences with segregation including restaurants that would not serve African Americans, his sons' educations at Chapel Hill High School, his thoughts on parent involvement in their children's education, and his thoughts about integration and ability with interviewer Elizabeth Hamilton. 7 March 2001

Julie Falconer, white professor, discusses her memories of Chapel Hill High School prior to desegregation including specific teachers and class differences between white students, her encounters with racism in the medical profession, especially at Duke Hospital and Durham County Hospital, her memories of visiting African American families with her mother, who volunteered for the Chapel Hill Cancer Society during segregation, her experiences working concessions at Chapel Hill High School games, the relationship between the University of North Carolina (UNC) and Chapel Hill, N.C., and her memories of businesses and community organizations in Chapel Hill in the late 1950s and early 1960s with interviewer Jennifer Nardone. 3 April 2001

Sam Holton, white professor, discusses the Chapel Hill School Board's efforts to desegregate Chapel Hill public schools, his experiences on the school board and encounters with escalating racial tensions following the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., difficulties in incorporating African American students and their culture and traditions at Chapel Hill High School, accommodations for low-income students and African Americans, and his socioeconomic analysis of achievement gaps with interviewer Jenny Lynn Matthews. 28 March 2001

Robert P. Humphreys, white business owner, discusses his experiences and memories of growing up in Chapel Hill, N.C., including his education and time at the old Chapel Hill High School, local hang-outs for white students including Sutton's and Sloan Drug Stores, playing football for Chapel Hill High School, the treatment of African American Students such as Clayton Weaver, segregated neighborhoods, the discussions of white schools, the experiences of former Lincoln High School students at Chapel Hill High School, African Americans shopping on West Franklin Street and picketing Colonial Drug Store, Chapel Hill restaurants and businesses, his family's dry cleaning business, Franklin Street protests, the 1960s music scene and local musicians including Doug Clarke and the Hot Nubs, Jay Allen, and James Taylor, his time in a band, his sons' experiences at the new Chapel Hill High School and resegregation there, changes on Franklin Street between segregation and the time of the interview in 2001, the impact of the Civil Rights Movement, the gentrification of Northside and other communities, notions of Chapel Hill's liberal mystique, and his perceptions of the feeling of community in Chapel Hill with interviewer Matisha Wiggs. 6 March 2001

Fran Regester Jackson discusses the differences between her education and experiences at Northside Elementary and the integrated Guy B. Phillips Junior High School, her parents' dedication to integration, her education at the historically African American Johnson C. Smith University, where she adopted Afrocentric ideologies and shared them with her youngers sisters who later led the student call for more African American teachers, the inclusion of African American school traditions, and the creation of an African American studies curriculum at Chapel Hill High School, and her thoughts on Chapel Hill's liberalism, racial and class boundaries, white privilege, and the impact of desegregation on African American cultural institutions with interviewer Christa Broadnax. 23 March 2001

Paul M. Killough discusses his experiences as a Peace Corps teacher in Africa, his elite African adolescence compared to students at Chapel Hill Junior High School, his thoughts on old and new teaching methods, his experiences working with students, the educational experiences of his African American pupils, his thoughts on Chapel Hill Teachers Inc., his resistance to fight in the Vietnam War, trends in drug use among Chapel Hill High School students, his desire to teach in Africa again, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) Professor of Sociology John Shelton Reed, and integration at Culbreth Middle School with interviewer Joyce Uy. 10 April 2001

Lucy Lewis, white program coordinator, discusses her family background and experiences as a member of the first class that graduated from the new Chapel Hill High School, including her memories of desegregation, African American students, the administration and teachers' attitudes, and the white community's reactions to integration, her experiences as an activist, her daughter's high school experience in New York City, and her thoughts on the situation at the time of the interview in 2001 in a broader community context with interviewer Lili Lai. 19 February 2001

Barbara Beye Lorie, white teacher and political activist, discusses the impact of the assassination of John F. Kennedy on her radicalization, her experiences working at Durham Academy and the new Chapel Hill High School, her use of unconventional teaching methods to eliminate racial barriers within her classroom and subsequent demotion, her experience working for Pinecrest High School in Southern Pines, N.C., where she encountered similar racial tensions between students, her thoughts on the endemics of racism and violence, the impact of television on perpetuating a dominant and violent white male culture, and the psychological impacts of segregation on both white and African American citizens, her joining a predominantly African American church to maintain an intimate relationship with the community, and her identification of herself as a left-wing, environmentalist and radical feminist with interviewer Melissa Froemming. 26 February 2001

John Mason, African American furniture repairman, discusses his family background, especially his father, who was discriminated against because he had polio, and his uncle, Morris Mason, his childhood, his memories of the African American community in which he lived including the schools, Carrboro City trash dump, the saw mill, the neighborhood convenience store, the Smoke Shop, the impact of Habitat for Humanity, and going to the dental school as a child, his education and experiences at Northside Elementary School, Frank Porter Graham Junior High School, Lincoln High School, and Chapel Hill High School including teachers he had and incidents he remembers, his perceptions of the African American community and their desire for integration, his thoughts on racism and discrimination, his memories of attending the Hayti theater and segregation at the Varsity and Carolina theaters, his involvement with protests, his business with the Furniture Doctor, changes in life, education, money values, property values, technology, and class and racial relations throughout his lifetime, the integration of Chapel Hill High School, the impact of church on the community, his work as a school bus driver as a teenager, his experience attending Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) meetings, his wife and his experiences as a parent to his daughter Lynette, his perception of race and race relations at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), basketmaking, fixing cars, the importance of schooling for children, his various forms of employment over the years, and his neighbor from Mexico with interviewer Kate Goldstein. 1 March 2001

Joanne McClelland, African American consultant and teacher, discusses her work with minority students through Advancement Via Individual Determination (AVID), her comparison between AVID and Upward Bound, her education, work, and experiences at Chapel Hill High School including the impact of African American teachers on her as a student, tensions among the faculty, her perceptions of white privilege in the Honors and AP classes, and Superintendent Dr. Neil Pederson's efforts to make African American parents feel welcome in the Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools, the relationship between First Baptist Church and the African American community, the impact of East Chapel Hill High School on the African American community and race relations in general, the North Carolina Black History Month assembly and controversy, tensions during the Butch Patteson conversy and 1996 charges against white teachers, her family background and childhood, her education at Northside Elementary School, Glenwood Elementary School, Estes Hills Elementary School, and Guy B. Phillips Middle School, her friendship with Noel Lee, her work with the Minority Student Network Team, and her memories of a cheerleading sit-in at Guy B. Phillips Middle School in 1969 and threats to boycott the 1975 high school graduation with interviewer Mary Moorman Holmes. 12 March 2001

Joanne McClelland, African American consultant and teacher, discusses her family background including her grandmother's emphasis on education, her experiences and education at Northside Elementary School, her friendships with Noel Lee and Carla Riley, the sit-in and interactions with administration at Guy B. Phillips Middle School, the lack of African American head coaches at Guy B. Phillips Middle School and Chapel Hill High School, her graduating class including Vallon Cotton who helped raise awareness of racial inequities among younger students, student interaction with African American administrators R. D. Smith and Ms. Clemmons, the impact of African American teachers like Mrs. Wortham on her attitude toward racial discrimination, her memories of white teachers including Robin Graham, the Butch Patteson controversy, new advocacy programs for minority students, her work with the Minority Achievement Network and the Blue Ribbon Task Force, the relationship between Superintendent Dr. Neil Pederson and African American teachers, her employment at Chapel Hill High School, the relationship between First Baptist Church and the African American community and their involvement with desegregation including the electing of Pastor Dr. J. R. Manley on the school board, her memories of congregating with friends at the Dairy Bar and church parsonage, the racial and economic impact of East Chapel Hill High School on the African American community, and comparisons between African American and white student grade point averages with interviewer Mary Moorman Holmes. 10 April 2001

Daniel H. Pollitt, white professor and political activist, discusses his family background, the impact of his religious beliefs and liberal racial upbringing on his civic involvement and career choices, his work as a clerk for a court of appeals judge and on the staff for Joseph Rauh, founder of Americans for Democratic Action, his passion for teaching and experience teaching legal classes at American University and the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, his refusal to sign a loyalty oath stating non-involvement with racial justice organizations, his experience teaching at the University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Law and position as the liberal faculty supporter for civil rights causes, the importance of UNC students and local high school students in bringing civil rights issues for the fore in Chapel Hill, N.C., the Speaker Ban Law and his efforts along with Bill Alstyne and McNeil Smith to defend student opposition of and abolish it, his participation in nonviolent training for African Americans and student activists, his experience as faculty advisor to the student National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), articles he wrote about southern integration for the UNC School of Law Dean Henry Brandis, his involvement with civil rights protests through picketing and legal defense of civil rights demonstrators and subsequent encounters with physical and verbal threats, his recruitment of African American students and athletes to UNC with the support of Coach Dean Smith, and his involvement with North Carolina American Civil Liberties Union and the Association of American University Professors with interviewer David Potorti. 22 February 2001

Charlene Regester, African American political activist, discusses her education and experiences in Chapel Hill public schools during early integration efforts including discrimination she witnessed from white teachers, her parents' advocacy for integrated schools, petition to transfer her to Estes Hill Elementary School, and efforts to protect her from racist white businesses, her thoughts regarding integration and its effect on African American identity, her involvement in the black student movement, and her perception of racial and class divisions within the Chapel Hill, N.C.,  community with interviewer Susan Upton. 23 February 2001

Charles Rivers, African American school administrator, discusses his childhood and schooling in de facto segregated Ohio, his move to Chapel Hill, N.C., in 1973, his experience as the first African American Assistant Superintendent of Chapel Hill-Carrboro schools, his experiences with desegregation and the racial and class achievement gap in Chapel Hill and its impact on ability grouping and housing communities, his work with Ed Caldwell, R. D. Smith, and Dr. Robert Hanes, his mentor at the Ohio State University, Dr. Charles Glatt, and his suggestions for improving the achievement of minority students with interviewer Jenny Lynn Matthews. 17 February 2001

Jerome Seaton, professor, discusses his early life in West Lafayette, Ind., which was divided into racial sectors, his memories of the integration of Indiana High Schools around basketball teams, Indiana as a Ku Klux Klan center, the Mann Act, his memories of an incident in which the governor of Indiana was arrested, his education and experiences at Wabash College including leaving his fraternity because of its refusal to integrate, his transfer to Indiana University and doctoral degree in Chinese, his adopted African American daughter, Tammy, and her experiences at the cooperative, private school of Green Willow, issues the school faced with integration and their closing, his children's experiences at Chapel Hill schools including African American teachers there, his memories of the first African American professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), the history of integration and co-education at UNC, the role of private schools in Orange and Durham counties, and his experiences in an interracial family with interviewers Lea Fisher and Jay Moore. 2 April 2001

Jerome Seaton, professor, discusses his involvement with Green Willow school, the integration of Chatham County schools including the impact of the tight knit communities of Chatham County on integrating schools, his children's education and experiences in Chapel Hill schools, including Ephesus Road School, their bus to Grey Culbreth Junior High School, an incident between his African American daughter, Tammy, and the principal, and a confrontation with the yearbook advisor, their experiences as an interracial family at this time, Tammy's experiences at North Carolina State University and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, his memories of integration in Indiana, his thoughts on a drug bust by the Chatham County Sheriff's department, and the School of Math and Science and the School of the Arts with interviewers Lea Fisher and Jay Moore. 18 April 2001

Stephen Scroggs, white teacher, discusses his family background and life in Chapel Hill, N.C., his parents' work at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and the presence of the university throughout his childhood, his mother's position on the the school board, the relationship between UNC and Chapel Hill, his education at Estes Hills Elementary School, Guy B. Phillips Middle School, and Chapel Hill High School including integration around high school music and sports, the impact of Helen Hines, his African American nanny on his life, his observations of racial divisions in Chapel Hill and the employment of African Americans in the service industry, his memories of interacting with African Americans at a young age including watching the Lincoln High School band and football team, spending time at an African American pool hall in Manhattan, N.Y., delivering papers, playing sandlot ball, and riding to games, his parents' emphasis on racial equality and tolerance, but not on understanding racial problems in society, his memories of events, incidents, and attitudes in Chapel Hill public schools during integration, including the "quiet peace" in 1966 and 1967 and protests after it ended in 1969, a lack of white student understanding of the pride and culture of Lincoln High School and the African American community, the placement of African American teachers, principals, and coaches from Lincoln High School in assistant roles, issues around the 1969 homecoming queen and the racial ratios of cheerleaders, Lincoln High School football player Vallon Cotton coming to Chapel Hill High School, and the attempt to adopt traditions from both Lincoln High School and Chapel Hill High School when the schools integrated, the use of the Lincoln Center, the importance of African American educators Mr. MacDougle and R. D. Smith on his life, and his perceptions of racism at the time of the interview in 2001 in Chapel Hill despite its liberal reputation with interviewer Elizabeth Hamilton. 9 April 2001

Joseph Straley, white physician, discusses his family background and childhood in Paulding, Ohio, including its absence of racial variety and his memories of first encountering African American students while in graduate school at the Ohio State University, his work at the University of Toledo teaching physics to young aviators on their way to battle in World War II, his impressions of segregation in Chapel Hill, N.C., and racial attitudes of professors at the University of North Carolina (UNC) when he arrived in 1944, his memories of Mr. Lawson, an African American entrepreneur on Franklin Street, the formation of the Fellowship for the Integration of Schools and the involvement of ministers Charles Jones and Reverend J. R. Manley, tensions surrounding his Marxist and communist sympathies and activist inclinations, his friendship with Junius Scales, leader of the Communist Party in the Carolinas, his membership in the American Association of University Professors (AAUP), Terry Sanford and his role as member of the State Bureau of Investigation, the beginnings of the Student Peace Union (SPU) and his role as faculty advisor of the group, his various levels of involvement with sit-ins at a soda bar and the Colonial Drugstore and on picket-lines, his memories of presidential candidate Henry Wallace's visit, of a progressive party speaking engagement cancelled by Chapel Hill Citizen's Council, and a John Gates event cancelled by UNC chancellors, and his experiences teaching physics when atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and his desire to develop curriculum in which real-world effects of the bomb could be taught to students with interviewer David Potorti. 21 February 2001

Access restriction: This interview is closed.

Marie Peachee Wicker, white school administrator, discusses her arrival in Chapel Hill for graduate school in 1946, her involvement in Chapel Hill, N.C., as a school board member and concerns over Lincoln High School, the 1969 riot, the attempt of Recreation Commissioner Frank Umstead to close the building because of integrated exercise programs, her memories of the treatment of African American students in public schools, and the effects of her outspokenness on not being re-elected to the school board with interviewer Oliver White. 21 March 2001

John Derek Williams, white teacher, discusses his experiences and methods of teaching social studies in Chapel Hill, N.C., in the late 1960s, his involvement with Teachers Incorporated and its encouraging of students to speak in a civil manner about contemporary issues, his perception of the resentment between groups of Chapel Hill-Carrboro students, including university children, African Americans, and children of working class parents, the history of oppression of poor and African Americans in North Carolina, and his close relationship with his students with interviewer Joyce Uy. 10 April 2001

Perry Deane Young, white journalist and author, discusses his experiences as a student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) during the Civil Rights Movement, his work for a newspaper in Chapel Hill, N.C., and his critical understanding of segregation and the need to end all types of discrimination, his childhood growing up in a sheltered community in western North Carolina where he experienced racism first hand, his early interest in activism during his years at Erwin High School where he served on the race relations committee, his coverage of protests in and around Chapel Hill and his later reporting in Vietnam, and his involvement in anti-war protests and gay rights marches with interviewer Michael Conschafter. 7 March 2001

Charles L. Thompson, white educator, discusses his participation in civil rights protests for the desegregation of public accommodations in Chapel Hill, N.C., while he was a student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), his memories of other protestors and their fates, his own time in jail, assaults on protesters, and specific locations that were targets of protest, successes and failures in local protest strategies, the roles of Quentin Baker and John Dunne, and his role at the time of the interview in 2001 on the Governor's Education Cabinet through which where he addresses issues of segregation in North Carolina schools that are increasingly re-segregating themselves with interviewers Matisha Wiggs and Michael Conschafter. 23 March 2001

Warren Book, white religious leader, discusses his childhood in the coal mining region of West Virginia, his education at Wheaton College in Illinois, the evangelical theology and tradition, his time in seminary and work as a pastor of an African American church, his teaching experience at an African American school, his involvement with civil rights, social work, and farm worker ministry, in which he preached about the ethical issues of growing tobacco, tobacco culture, the 1980s farm crisis, the growth of the Christian Coalition, his thoughts on christianity and racism, and his perception of race and class in tobacco farming with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 21 July 1998

Danny Coats, public officer, discusses his position as the right-of-way agent for the North Carolina highway department, his family background in subsistence farming and the tobacco business, farming, agriculture, and technology, the decline of family farming, land development in Harnett County, N.C., the tobacco industry including the labor involved in growing tobacco, marketing, changes in and the decline of tobacco farming, and his thoughts on the future of tobacco farming, the Production Credit Association and farm loans, and the Farmers' Market in Raleigh, N.C., with interviewer Lu Ann Jones. 26 July 1998

Lamas Denning, white farmer, discusses his family history in tobacco farming, the impact of World War II on the community and farming in Benson, N.C., farming equipment and technology, his thoughts on the future of tobacco farming and the lack of government assistance with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 14 July 1998

Thomas Henderson, white salesman, discusses his family background and childhood in Brookneal, Va., his family's tenant farm, his brief education at Lynchburg College and East Carolina Teachers' College and leave from school to work for the tobacco industry out of economic necessity, his career as a tobacco buyer for Liggett-Myers, the Greenville Tobacco Company, and Philip Morris, his life in the tobacco town of Greenville, N.C., the impact of World War II on the tobacco industry in Greenville, the establishment of gradation policies for the tobacco industry with the New Deal, and changes in tobacco farming with interviewer Charles Thompson Dillard. 28 October 1999

Juanita Hudson and Mack Hudson discuss various aspects of farming and farm life in Harnett County and Johnston County, N.C., including the impact of the Great Depression on the industry, the growth of tobacco farming, the importance of genealogy to farm families, growing up on the Hudson homestead, the growing size of farming operations, the mechanization of farming, their perceptions of people leaving the farming occupation, and the tobacco farming industry including the labor load, tenant and subsistence farming, and harvesting, nineteenth-century building construction, the country store at Bailey's Crossroads, extension clubs, caring for aging family members, running the family gin, the impact of World War II on the Bailey's Crossroads community, the development of sewing operations in Harnett and Johnston County, and the history of Ebenezer Presbyterian Church with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 8 July 1998

Martha Parrish and Keith Parrish discuss life growing up on a farm and various aspects of the farming industry, including the Phillip Morris Leadership program and Tobacco Growers' Association, tobacco farming outside the United States, the differences between flue-cured and burley tobacco and flue and bulk barns, the labor load and mechanization of tobacco farming, the duties of labor crew leaders, the employment of H-2A and Mexican migrant workers, the politics of tobacco, tobacco programs including Tobacco-Free Kids and Concerned Friends for Tobacco, suburban development on farmland, 4-H camp, Farmer Worker Services, and livestock operations, and various religious ministries and organizations including the Farm Workers Ministry, the Council of Churches, and Ebenezer Presbyterian Church with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 8 July 1998

Christine Parrish and Rupert Parrish, white farmers, discuss growing up on a farm and aspects of the farm industry, including tenant farming, changes in farming over the years, the mechanization of tobacco farming, farm labor, and the agricultural experiment station, Rupert's service in World War II, differences between country and town living, differences between Primitive Baptist and Presbyterian churches, the Ebenezer Presbyterian Church, the growth of suburbia and housing developments, the community store, and their involvement with the Johnston-Lee Community Action program and weatherizing homes for the elderly with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 14 July 1998

Tomas Vasquez, Jose Sanchez, and Adolpho Rosa, Latino agricultural laborers, discuss their experiences as migrant laborers including work culture, housing conditions, H-2A, racism, health effects of tobacco farming, and sending money to family members in Mexico, life for workers in Mexico and their decisions to work in the United States, ejido system in Mexico, and cultural attitudes toward drinking with interviewer Charles Thompson Dillard. 26 July 1998

H.L. Sorrell, Sr., farmer, with interviewer Lu Ann Jones. 10 January 1999

Daniel Opoku, community organizer, discusses his move from Germany to the United States and work for the International Christian Organization for Peace and the National Farmworker Ministry, his placement in North Carolina for service work, his family background and education in Germany, his interest in peace and justice issues, his living situation with Warren Bock and membership at Ebenezer Baptist Church, differences regarding church, agriculture, and labor between Germany and North Carolina, his work with the Farm Labor Organizing Committee and their efforts to organize the Mt. Olive Pickle Company's farmworkers along with Ramiro Sarabia and Blademar Velasquez including the poor living situations of migrant farmworkers, difficulties in building relationships between the farmworkers, the union, and the community, and his perception of racial discrimination within the Latino and African American communities, and the impact of Christianity and faith on his work and labor union organizing with interviewers Lu Ann Jones and Charles Thompson Dillard. 30 June 1999

James Daniel Page, white farmer, discusses the history of Page Farms, aspects of the tobacco industry including the day-to-day of spring planting and fall harvesting, the community of tobacco farmers in Durham, N.C., struggles for small farmers competing with large farms in eastern North Carolina, differences between auctioning tobacco and working on contract, how the tobacco buyout in 2005 benefited some farmers through the allotment program, differences in quality of tobacco between large and small farms, organic tobacco, tobacco company meetings in Smithfield, N.C., the international flow of tobacco, financial dependence on tobacco, his reasons for leaving the tobacco industry, and his transition to strawberry and produce farming, including liabilities for pick-your-own farming with interviewer Blair Rumley. 14 March 2011

Jackie Thompson, white farmer, discusses various aspects of living and working on a farm, including his reasons for farming, the diminishing number of farmers, trucking tobacco with sleds, renting farmland, differences between conventional and organic tobacco including organic insect repellants and fertilizer, the H-2A migrant labor program, farmers in Wake County, N.C., land competition among farmers, the Tobacco Growers Association of North Carolina, the farm legacy in his family including and the roles of his mother, wife, and sister on the farm, African American tobacco farmers, the positive and negative effects of the 2005 tobacco buyout, increase in large farm tobacco production and farm technologies, and foreign tobacco markets and internationally grown tobacco with interviewer Blair Rumley. 6 April 2011

William C. Friday, white president of the University of North Carolina System, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 7 November 1999

John B. McLendon, African American coach, discusses coaching a black team in the Jim Crow American South, his philosophy of sports and integration, and the 1968 Olympic boycott with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 26 February 1998

James Lewis Ross with interviewers Pamela Grundy and Thomas W. Hanchett. 10 February 2000

Susan Shackelford with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 19 November 1999

Taylor Barhill, white environmental activist, discusses his rural childhood and its impact on his adult life as an environmental activist against the effects of development on rural North Carolina communities and the wilderness, his thoughts on road building related to the I-26 Corridor in Madison County, N.C., and his hopes for a community rallying around conservation issues and a renewed sense of place with interviewer Rob Amberg. 29 November 2000

Darhyl Boone, white public officer, discusses his childhood in Madison County, N.C., and his thoughts on the impact of immigration, development, and the construction of the I-26 Corridor on the rural, community values in Madison County with interviewer Rob Amberg. 5 December 2000

Lionel Filiss, Mary Filiss, and Jemima Filiss discuss their family's move to Foster Creek, N.C., as "back-to-landers," homesteading on their land including birthing all of their children at home, and gardening and raising all their food, caring for Lionel's mother, the importance of music in the family, their impressions of the community and perceptions of changes in the community since they lived there, and their thoughts on the impact of the I-26 Corridor on the community with interviewer Rob Amberg. 15 November 2000

Tom Hendricks, white architect, discusses growing up in the small town of Rockford, Ill., his experiences in Vietnam with the United States Army, his move to Madison County, N.C., to get away from the pace of modern life, his relationship with his neighbors, his spirituality including his Catholic upbringing, disillusionment with organized religion, healing abilities, and skills in offering spiritual guidance, his thoughts on the importance of free time and relying very little on money, personal changes and changes within the community since he moved to Hamburg Mountain, N.C., and his thoughts on the impact of the I-26 Corridor on the community with interviewer Rob Amberg. 2 January 2001

Stan Hyatt, white engineer, discusses his work with the I-26 Corridor project, its impact on opening up Madison County, N.C., to new residents and industry and his worries of opening up the area to too much change, his memories of growing up in rural Madison County, and his hopes for little damage to the environment and environmental tourism in the region as a result of the I-26 project with interviewer Rob Amberg. 30 November 2000

Howard Jenkins and Yuvonda Jenkins, white business owners, discuss growing up in the area including friends, family, school, and forms of entertainment, how they met and married, differences between life when they were younger and at the time of the interview in 2001, and the impact of the I-26 Corridor on their greenhouse business and the county in general with interviewer Rob Amberg. 10 January 2001

John Ledford, white sheriff of Madison County, N.C., discusses the changing role of his job as county sheriff in a growing area, including conflicts between new arrivals and longtime residents, political aspects of his position, and the effects of the I-26 Corridor in bringing both business and crime to the area, and his nostalgia for the Madison County of his youth with interviewer Rob Amberg. 3 January 2001

Sam Parker, white policeman, discusses his decision to leave the comforts of suburbia to live in rural Madison County, N.C., aspects of his life there, including living without electricity, growing his own food, and the importance of community connections, and his thoughts on the effects of development on the decline of his lifestyle with interviewer Rob Amberg. 5 December 2000

Raymond Rapp, white mayor of Mars Hill, N.C., discusses his vision for planned development in Madison County, N.C., including the desire to balance a small-town feel with big-town economy, the need for routes in and out of the area while preserving the environment, the need for new residents, and the desire to preserve towns against aggressive, wasteful, and ugly development with interviewer Rob Amberg. 17 November 2000

Richard Lee Hoffman, white real estate broker, discusses his thoughts on the impact of the I-26 Corridor in and around Mars Hill, N.C., his memories of exploring undeveloped land as a child, and his desire for economic development despite uncertainties about the housing market with interviewer Rob Amberg. 8 November 2000

Jerry Plemmons, white consultant, discusses development and highway construction in Marshall, N.C., and its impact on economic growth, bringing in new people, environmental damages, and higher property values which drive out previous residents with interviewer Rob Amberg. 10 November 2000

J.D. Thomas and Lela Rigsby Thomas discuss their childhoods and lives in upper Madison County, N.C., their memories of unpaved roads, reading by oil lamp, iceboxes, wooden sidewalks, and community members bonding over decorating graves in the cemetery and building barns together, and changes in the community since the early 1900s as a result of developmental growth, immigration, road improvements, and new highways with interviewer Rob Amberg. 14 November 2000

Richard Sams Dillingham, librarian, discusses his family background and upbringing in Madison County, N.C., including his memories of life before electricity and readily available cars, his schooling at Flat Creek High School and North Buncombe High School, and the family farm, his thoughts regarding development in Madison County and its relationship to governmental approaches with President Hamilton and President Jefferson, and his personal experiences with development in the area with interviewer Rob Amberg. 11 December 2000

Richard Stiles, consultant, discusses his childhood in Michigan and move to western North Carolina, his role as an economic development expert, and his thoughts and ideas about the I-26 Corridor with interviewer Rob Amberg. 1 December 2000

Ran Kong, Cambodian American student, discusses her experiences immigrating to Greensboro, N.C., from Cambodia when she was four, her early years at the Greensboro Buddhist Center playing with other Cambodian children, her schooling at Salem College, her commitment to her Cambodian heritage while balancing life as an American citizen, and her perception of the Cambodian community and endurance of Cambodian traditions in North Carolina with interviewer Barbara Lau. 25 November 2000

Raleigh Bailey, white program coordinator, discusses the impact of the 1960s progressive political climate on his pursuing of a Ph.D. in human nature and religion, his move to Greensboro, N.C., and work easing settlement for immigrants coming to the area because of the healthy job market and receptive attitude toward new arrivals, his devotion to social justice and its impact on his decision to adopt a biracial child and Inuit child, as well as his work on behalf of different ethnic groups from Southeast Asia and with AmeriCorps with interviewer Barbara Lau. 6 December 2000

Vandy Chhum, Cambodian American student, discusses the impact of the Khmer Rouge on her family's immigration to the United States from Cambodia, the separation of her grandparents during immigration, her time spent in New York, Chicago, Long Beach, Calif., and North Carolina, including experiences in public schools, living in African American and Cambodian neighborhoods, and taking English as a Second Language (ESL) classes, differences between Cambodian traditions and American life, the Buddhist temple community and its opportunities for learning Cambodian dance and other traditions, the role of the monk in the Cambodian community, her experiences becoming a naturalized citizen, her trip back to Cambodia, and her plans for the future with interviewer Barbara Lau. 7 December 2000

Sokha Pao, Cambodian American textile worker, with interviewer Barbara Lau. 14 December 2000

Kong Phok, Cambodian American textile worker, discusses his family's flight from the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia and his arrival in Greensboro, N.C., at the age of nine, his memories of adjusting to new life in the United States including cultural differences he encountered, and his work and experiences at Guilford Mills with interviewer Barbara Lau. 19 December 2000

Sophal Duong, Cambodian American factory worker, with interviewer Barbara Lau. 22 December 2000

Betsy Easter and Bernice Cavenaugh discuss the impact of Hurricane Floyd on their lives, including the lack of preparation, organization, and government compensation, challenges to community bonds, and the overall bureaucratic confusion following the flood with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 8 December 1999

Raymond English, Eunice English, Wayne English, and Charles Russell English discuss their experiences with Hurricane Floyd and its aftermath, their frustrations with unregulated pollution from hog houses and inadequate and disorganized governmental relief, the effects of the flood on their self-sufficient farming community, and the ethics of responsibility and cooperation still present in the community with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson. 8 December 1999

Aaron Cavenaugh and Jenny Cavenaugh, white business owners and farmers, discuss the loss of their antique business and turkey farm in the flood accompanying Hurricane Floyd, their efforts to rebuild with the help of individuals and volunteer groups, and the lack of help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 8 December 1999

Mattie Bell Cavenaugh and Earl Cavanaugh discuss their experiences with Hurricane Floyd and its aftermath, their frustrations with inadequate compensation, rebuilding without help from insurance or the government, and Earl's thoughts on the loss of moral values prompted by the ban on school prayer, sex education, and social security with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson. 7 December 1999

Thomas Hudson and Elberta Pugh-Hudson discuss the importance of religion and the presence of God during and after Hurricane Floyd, including during their escape from the floods, the generosity they witnessed and participated in afterward with recovery efforts, and the flood's reminder of materialism with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson. 18 December 1999

Renee Lee, African American factory worker, discusses her background and family life including her children, memories from childhood, and reflections on community life, her frustration with the government reliefs, the assistance of the Red Cross relief program, and confidence in the rebuilding efforts in White Stocking, N.C., with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson. 19 December 1999

Bert Pickett, African American religious leader, discusses his ways of coping with Hurricane Floyd and its aftermath, and his perceptions of evil in his community including the destructive power of the flooding and the people who defraud aid organizations with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 18 December 1999

Johnnie Bratten and Kathleen Bratten discuss the destruction of their home in the flooding that accompanied Hurricane Floyd, the lack of assistance from the government aside from a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) trailer, the greater assistance from religious and volunteer groups supplying them with money, appliances, and other aid, and its impact on the strengthening of their religious faith and belief in human kindness with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 15 January 2000

Billy Ray Hall, NGO director, discusses his experience as president of the Rural Economic Development Center and coordinating the cleanup and recovery efforts after Hurricane Floyd, the impact of the flood and its damage on the economy and environment, the lack of preparation for flooding and wind damage in North Carolina, and his hopes for the recovery efforts and future preparedness in North Carolina with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 20 January 2000

Steve Holland, business owner, discusses the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd, its destruction of his store and restaurant, his struggles to receive aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), his hopes to receive compensation from the Small Business Administration (SBA), and his frustrations regarding big government, property taxes, fraud, and freeloaders with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 16 December 1999

Larry Kelley and Betty Kelley discuss Larry's life as a farmer and rural worker, the impact of factory farms, new technologies, and Hurricane Floyd on "old-school" farmers, and his belief in the strength of his rural community with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson.  9 December 1999

Dorothy Buffaloe, social worker, discusses growing up in Tarboro, N.C., during the Great Depression including farming and her father's work with the Work Projects Administration (WPA), her time at Mrs. Gillespie's Female Academy, her memories of her parents' interactions with African Americans, her education and experiences at the North Carolina College for Women in Greensboro, N.C., her memories of life during World War II including United Service Organizations (USO) dances in Cape May, N.J., and rationing, dating in the 1940s, her experience as a social worker for the welfare department and providing for needy elderly, her husband, James Buffaloe and his time in the Merchant Marines, his opening of a fish market, his work for the Ford Motor Factory in Norfolk, Va., and experience with arsenic poisoning, her work at the Edgecombe County Department of Social Services, James's work with the North Carolina Department of Conservation at Ocracoke Island, N.C., and the North Carolina Department of Wildlife and Wildlife Resource Commission, their move to Nash County, N.C., her experience teaching at Red Oak School, her memories of working fulltime and raising children in the 1950s, her return to social work to assist neglected and abused children, her husband's death, her relationship with her daughters, her move to the Riverside Apartments in Rocky Mount, N.C., the flooding of the Tar River in Princeville, N.C., her experience escaping the flood, the assistance of her children, friends, and volunteers with flood relief, her move to a new home, her work with Allie Winstead, her experiences with the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA), government plans for future community disasters, and her time as a volunteer for the Fountain Correctional Center for Women with interviewer Katie Otis. 18 August 2001

Steve Davis, program coordinator, discusses his work with Snow Hill Medical Center and their Farm Worker Outreach Program for migrant and undocumented workers, his education and work with children in hospitals, his experiences learning to speak Spanish and the need for interpreters in North Carolina hospitals, his perceptions of industrial livestock production and Latino workers in agricultural, packing houses, pig houses, landscaping, and construction, community attitudes toward and tensions between Latino immigrants and African American communities, the impact of Hurricane Floyd and subsequent flooding on farm worker housing, the rescue efforts of volunteer firefighters and the National Guard, the effects of language barriers on flood recovery for Latino immigrants, flood relief, especially for Latino flood victims, from various sources including El Pueblo, Tulsa Row Health, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Red Cross, United Way, the Governor's Relief Fund, the Employment Security Commission, the North Carolina Farmworker Health Program, Catholic Services, and the Universalist Unitarian Church in Greenville, N.C., flood relief restrictions and difficulties for undocumented immigrants, and the lack of preparation for flooding and  need for better preparation for future natural disasters, especially for Spanish-speakers with interviewer Leda Hartman. 26 July 2002

Florence Dillahunt, African American farmer, discusses her childhood on a tobacco farm near Grifton, N.C., including harvesting and curing tobacco, life in a rural working community, religion and medical home remedies, her marriage and taking over of the family farm, the impact of Hurricane Floyd on eastern North Carolina, their loss of nearly everything in the flood and the banding together of the community during and after the flooding, her lack of assistance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), their temporary trailer provided by a local hunting club at the time of the interview in 2001, and the continued struggle to rebuild their lives with interviewer Leda Hartman. 31 May 2001

Rick Dove, park ranger, discusses the history of the Neuse Riverkeeper program including the contributions of Grace Evans, various forms of pollution and their effects on the environment, fish, and people, his time in the Marine Corps, the work of the Waterkeeper Alliance, the impact of the Clean Water Act and the Supreme Court Laidlaw Case, the pollution from hog farms like Smithfield packing and Murphy Family Farms, his work as a fisherman, his experiences swimming in the Chesapeake Bay's Bear Creek tributary as a child, riverkeeper programs at Arthur Edwards Elementary School, his work with the Craven County School Board and the Environmental Protection Agency toward sustainable growth, his work with the Soil and Water Commission, the wastewater treatment plants in Kinston and Trenton, N.C., the impact of Hurricane Floyd and the subsequent flood on places like Grifton, Trenton, Greenville, and Goldsboro, N.C., the role of Governor James Hunt, working with the Southern Environmental Law Center including Derb Carter, Michelle Knowlan, Trip van Opplen, and Danny Webb, riverkeepers in North Carolina including Buddy Baldridge, Tom Matheson, and Donna Lisonby, reporters James Schiffer and Phil Bowie, Dr. Mark Sobsey and Dr. Courtney Hackney's research, and spending time in Turkey Quarter Creek with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 13 January 2000

Hazel Exum, African American farmer and factory worker, discusses her life growing up on a tenant farm including memories of her mother doing farm labor, her religious faith, her memories of courting in the 1940s, her experience with sexual assault, her marriage to Howard "Hawk" Exum, his death to cancer, her struggle with cancer, her perception of race relations, putting her son in a nursing home, her work for Carolina Leaf, and her experiences during Hurricane Floyd and the subsequent flood, including assistance from friends, family, and organizations such as New Covenant Holiness Church, Grifton Manor, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with interviewer Leda Hartman. 30 May 2001

Inez Hanchey, white business owner and farmer, discusses growing up in Pin Hook, N.C., in the 1920s, her education at Chinquapin High School, her time spent in Cypress Creek, N.C., and Dade County, Fla., her experiences with farming, truck farming, and running Hanchey General Store in eastern North Carolina, her memories of getting electricity and dating in rural North Carolina, her husband's death, her memories of the 1928 fresh flood in Pin Hook and 1962 flood in Wallace, N.C., repairs and rebuilding after the 1999 flood including her experiences with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), living in FEMA trailers, the Pink Supper House fundraiser, her experiences depending on and helping her family members including with her son's heart problems and her grandson's accident and arm amputation, and the importance of close-knit community ties and her faith in God and religion after the flood with interviewer Katie Otis. 13 January 2001

David Kelly discusses his schooling at West Mecklenburg High School and North Carolina State University, his work with the North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety around civil preparedness and emergency management, changes within the State Emergency Response Team (SERT), Homeland Security, the efforts of Governor James Hunt, the impact of Hurricane Floyd and the 1999 flood and the various repair and relief efforts including the assistance of organizations and churches, and increasing preparation for the future including hazard mitigation, mapping the flood plain, and insurance with interviewer Katie Otis. 10 December 2002

Marilyn Moore, white social worker, discusses her work with the Nash County Baby Love Program, her experiences with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Small Business Association (SBA), her work with the North Carolina Intervention Program, the economic impact of the 1999 flooding on Rocky Mount, N.C., her personal experiences with the flooding and buyout program, the impact of the flooding on health problems, her elderly clients, and the neighborhoods and sense of community, and her thoughts on finding meaning from the flooding and personal tragedy with interviewer Leda Hartman. 8 August 2001

Mae Parker, African American church director, discusses her work at Mt. Pisgah Presbyterian Church, the church's relief and recovery efforts after Hurricane Floyd and the 1999 flood including distributing supplies to flood victims and helping repair and rebuild homes, volunteer outreach through New Hope Presbyterian and other churches and organizations, her struggle with cancer, the impact of the flood on all citizens and their emotional and physical health, the flood damage in Rocky Mount and Princeville, N.C., the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) trailers and buyout program, the importance of religion and community interaction to flood survivors and the overall disaster recovery, the work of Reverend Mills in providing counseling for flood survivors, and the lessons learned by surviving the flood with interviewer Leda Hartman. 8 August 2001

Jessie Pash, African American teacher, discusses her family background and childhood in Rocky Mount, N.C., including memories of her family home, car, traditions, and games, her health problems, her education, her marriage to George Edward Pash, his draftsmanship skills, her teaching career in Rocky Mount during school integration, race relations in the community, the death of her husband, elderly care in Rocky Mount, the Edgecombe County domiciliary committee, her involvement with church, her experience with and the impact of Hurricane Floyd and subsequent flooding on her life, the aid she received from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the State of North Carolina, United Way, Interfaith, and family, friends, and community members, the loss of some of her sentimental possessions and her experience with contractors when repairing her home, comparisons between the flood and other hardships in the Rocky Mount community and between older and younger citizens' reactions to the flood, and the importance of religion to her coping with the flood with interviewer Katie Otis. 7 August 2001

Jennifer Smith, white social worker, discusses her work at the Eastern Carolina Injury Prevention Program, her background in child protective services, the impact of Hurricane Floyd on Grifton, N.C., including fatalities, health effects, and race relations, her experience with recovery efforts and flood relief, especially assisting elderly flood survivors, assistance from the National Guard, Grifton Flood Relief and Community Fund, and the Baptist and Mennonite churches, the overall multigenerational support in Grifton, temporary housing in subsidized housing and trailers, efforts to repair and rebuild property, changes in Grifton since the flood including efforts toward improving mental and physical health through Grifton's Flood Talk group, the Mary Babcock Foundation, and family resource centers with the Duke Endowment and School of Medicine, Bobby Joyner and his efforts toward emergency management, and the possibilities for buyout properties for improving the community with interviewer Leda Hartman. 9 August 2001

Leslie Thorbs, African American farmer and construction worker, discusses his childhood on Kennedy Farm in eastern North Carolina, where his family worked as tenant farmers, farming techniques, the impoverished conditions of life during the Great Depression, leaving school at a young age to supplement the family income, his later work as a janitor at Texfi Industries and factory worker at the Grifton Sewing Factory, race relations in his community, his wife and family, their settling in Grifton, N.C., and the impact of Hurricane Floyd and subsequent flooding on their lives, including the destruction of their home and possessions, and his situation at the time of the interview in 2001 grieving the death of his wife and waiting for his home to be repaired with interviewer Leda Hartman. 30 May 2001

Johnny Mack Willis, African American religious leader, discusses his upbringing by his grandparents in Grifton, N.C., his education, work, and religious background, his work at Cypress Glen Retirement Community, his experiences during Hurricane Floyd and its subsequent flood including rescuing senior citizens, the efforts of Southern Baptists and Methodists to help rebuild his church, the assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and his memories of a white pastor at First Baptist Church being driven from his congregation for assisting African Americans with interviewer Leda Hartman. 30 May 2001

Steve Cary, white firefighter, discusses his work as a firefighter in Rocky Mount, N.C., his memories of Hurricane Fran in Edgecombe County and Nash County, N.C., his experience rescuing flood victims after Hurricane Floyd, the flooding of Rocky Mount's Riverside Apartments and the impact of the flood on elderly individuals, and the assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with interviewer Leda Hartman. 8 August 2001

Joel Cline, white television journalist, discusses the details of his work as a meteorologist for the National Weather Service, the impact of Hurricane Dennis and Hurricane Floyd during the Special Olympic World Games of 1999, the emergency response, management, and efforts of the Southeast River Forecast Center, Morehead Weather Service Center, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), River Forecast Center, National Hurricane Center in Miami, Fla., and Secretary Beatty with North Carolina Crime Control and Public Safety, his memories of Hurricanes Fran, Hugo, Opal, Gilbert, Andrew, and Mitch, preparations for hurricanes including floodplain maps, his work with the North Carolina Department of Motor Vehicles, and the impact of development on flooding with interviewer Leda Hartman. 25 July 2002

Martha Daniel, white information technology professional, discusses her family background and childhood in Rocky Mount, N.C., including her memories of race relations and the economy, her education at St. Mary's College and the University of North Carolina (UNC), her husband's career with the United States Air Force, her work as an art teacher, their life in Haight Ashbury, Calif., her memories of Hurricane Hazel, her assistance after the 1999 Hurricane Floyd flood including cleaning up, preparing, housing, feeding, and helping neighbors escape and salvage what they could from their homes, the assistance of American Red Cross, the Salvation Army, and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the impact of the flood on elderly flood survivors, her work with Don Williams of Lewis Advertising and Rip Wooden on the Building Back Better campaign, the impact of the flood on mental and physical health, and efforts to document the flooding including her website with pictures, a Discovery Channel program, and a book developed by the Rocky Mount Friends of the Library along with Alice Thorp with interviewer Katie Otis. 6 August 2001

Teisha Harrison, African American counselor, discusses her work providing housing counseling to elderly flood survivors in Princeville, N.C., the importance of home, community, and religion to them and the impact of the flood on physical and mental health, her perception of generational differences in flood recovery, the assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and Small Business Association (SBA) loans, the flooding of the Riverside Apartments in Rocky Mount, N.C., and the prevalence of FEMA trailer parks with interviewer Leda Hartman. 9 August 2001

Mary Hatcher with interviewer Katie Otis. 11 June 2001

Betty Howes, white teacher, discusses her childhood in a tenant farming family during the Great Depression, her education at Eastern Carolina University, her work as a teacher in Grifton, N.C., and memories of integrating the school system, and her experience with Hurricane Floyd and flood of 1999 including the community support system for flood victims, the formation of Flood Talk, the assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), her recovery efforts and work with Dr. Winthrow and Bruce Alan, and the impact of the flooding and subsequent media interest on eastern North Carolina with interviewer Leda Hartman. 31 May 2001

North Carolina Governor James Hunt discusses the 1999 Hurricane Floyd flooding of eastern North Carolina, the efforts of the National Guard, highway patrol, and emergency management center, the mapping of floodplains, details of state appropriations and federal funds for flood recovery and assistance, the relief efforts of the Governor's Emergency Relief Fund, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Small Business Association (SBA), North Carolina Food Bank, Royal Bank of Canada (RBC), North Carolina Supreme Court Justice Phil Carlton, the Rural Prosperity Task Force, and Dogwood Fund, the bureaucracy of flood recovery assistance and need for more immediate crisis response, the long-term and immediate impact of the flood on the environment, economy, education, and healthcare, and the impact of development on the flooding with interviewer Leda Hartman. 2 April 2003

Richard Moore, white public officer, discusses the impact of Hurricane Floyd on North Carolina and the state's response to the crisis, his work as Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety under Governor Jim Hunt during the flooding of 1999, including the distribution and management of both state and federal relief resources, the impact of Hurricane Fran on the reorganization of resources for better efficiency, the leadership role of Eric Tolbert with emergency management, his perception of demographic changes and internal growth of the state and the greater need for more systematic response to natural disasters, efforts to lessen the impact of the flood on housing, agriculture, and industry, including the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) trailer park, and his response to public criticism of delayed relief for flood victims with interviewer Leda Hartman. 2 August 2002

Eric Tolbert, white public officer, discusses his work with the North Carolina Division of Emergency Management, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Office of National Preparedness, and Department of Homeland Security, his childhood in Caldwell County, N.C., and education at Hudson High School and Fifer College, his work with emergency medical services, his experiences during Hurricane Diana, Andrew, Dennis, Floyd, Fran, and Bonnie, changes in emergency response, preparation, and housing after each hurricane at the local and federal level, providing temporary housing after the flooding including FEMA trailer parks, the impact of federal privacy laws on flood relief coordination and provision including the Stafford Act, public expectations and distrust of government flood relief, the buyout program, flood cleanup and regional hearings with flood survivors, race relations during flood relief including with migrant workers, efforts to fuse cash back into the eastern North Carolina economy during recovery efforts, the impact of the 1999 flood on public health, agriculture, livestock, and citizens of all ages, flooding of hog lagoons and auto junkyards, environmental testing, difficulties in communication between government and flood survivors, logistical difficulties in organizing donations, differences between flood recovery in metropolitan and rural communities, development in disaster-prone areas and the Velocity Zone (V-Zone), population and economic growth in eastern North Carolina, fatalities from flooding and the dangers of driving through water, and the efforts of the Division of Emergency Management, North Carolina Emergency Operating Center, National Hurricane Center, National Guard, North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety, North Carolina Redevelopment Center, Department of Commerce, FEMA's Disaster Field Office, Small Business Administration (SBA), Hurricane Floyd Relief Bill, Governor James Hunt, the Individual Family Grants, Emergency Housing Program, Public Assistance Program, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, State Acquisition and Relocation Fund (SARF), Department of Environment and Natural Resources, various religious groups, and Critical Housing Assistance Financing (CHAF) before and after the flood with interviewer Katie Otis. 23 December 2002

George Valentine, white salesman, discusses his time at the Fort Union Military Academy and draft with the United States Navy during World War II, the GI Bill, his education at the College of William and Mary and the University of North Carolina (UNC) including his memories of the KA fraternity and May Frolic, his wife Mary Bird, his upbringing by his grandfather in Rocky Mount, N.C., including his memories of the Rocky Mount Coffee Club, changes in the economy, race relations, and integration in the school system, his son's education at the Winston-Salem School of the Arts, his career as an insurance salesman and changes in the insurance business, his wife's work at the Fountain School, the impact of the 1999 Hurricane Floyd flood on him, his wife's health and death, and pollution, racial relations during recovery efforts, the flooding of the Riverside Apartments in Rocky Mount, his experiences with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and getting a new home, and the assistance of Nan Mercer with interviewer Katie Otis. 19 August 2001

Edith Warren, white teacher, discusses her experiences as a congresswoman, the first female principal in Pitt County, N.C., and the first female commissioner, her background and interest in education and politics, the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd, the relatively little damage to her property, and her efforts to help her community by taking food to residents and working with the state government to release funds for recovery efforts with interviewer Leda Hartman. 28 August 2002

Minnie White, African American child care worker, discusses her sharecropper upbringing on a farm in Tarboro, N.C., in the 1960s and 1970s, her experiences with the 1999 Hurricane Floyd floods including the loss of her and her family's personal belongings, applying for a trailer with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), her work at a daycare and efforts to help children deal with the flooding and its aftermath, the impact of the flood on her grandmother, disparity in recovery assistance among flood survivors, the impact of the flood on the African American community, the rezoning of land in Tarboro following the flood and the displacement of low-income residents, and the assistance of her family, the community, the Red Cross, and churches such as St. Catherine's Church in the recovery efforts, legal aid, lawsuits, and racial prejudice in Tarboro, and her return to school to get a degree in childhood development with interviewer Katie Otis. 18 May 2003

Derek Ayscue, social worker, discusses his work for Hope After Floyd in Pitt County, N.C., his experiences as a hard of hearing individual, his work with pet rescue missions and hard of hearing/deaf families after Hurricane Floyd, and the ways in which the deaf community supports each other in times of trouble with interviewer Jay Barnes. 14 August 2002

Kurt Barnes, city worker, discusses his experiences during Hurricane Floyd including rescuing victims in his boat, his sense of pride in being apart of a close-knit community, his governor's award for heroism, and his thoughts about the government's handling of the local dam and its capacity for handling another flood with interviewer Jay Barnes. 1 June 2002

Steve Burress, firefighter, discusses the rescue efforts in Dodge City, N.C., during the 1999 Hurricane Floyd floods including the lack of preparation from the local government, the difficulties of maintaining a command center and ways in which they improvised, the overcoming of racial differences in the face of common hardship, the efforts of neighbors, fatalities from the flood, and changes to Dodge City since the flood with interviewer Jay Barnes. 19 June 2002

Robin Corbett, professor and nurse, discusses her experiences with Hurricane Floyd, including her involvement with the Emergency Center and work as a nurse at the Carver rescue station serving Dodge City, N.C., evacuees, other aspects of the relief efforts including food and shelter provisions, the surmounting of normal racial tensions, links between individuals in the healthcare profession in small towns, the importance of funerals in dealing with fatalities, her memories of President Bill Clinton's visit, her difficulties working with special needs patients, and her belief in the value of humor and strong team effort with interviewer Jay Barnes. 22 August 2002

David Cummiskey, military officer, discusses his experiences as a rescue swimmer with the Marine Corps Search and Rescue team during Hurricane Floyd, including difficulties in rescuing at night and deciding the order of rescues, people's desire to take possessions, the length of time involved in rescues, his receiving of an Air Medal and Navy Marine Corps Medal, and his emphasis on the value of the team with interviewer Jay Barnes. 25 August 2002

Martha Daniel, white information technology professional, discusses her experiences with Hurricane Floyd and the subsequent flood, her documentation of the flood through pictures on her website, difficulties in seeing the ruin of the community, Allan Gurganus and his piece in the New York Times on the flood in Rocky Mount, N.C., connecting with Grand Forks, N.D., through her website and the shared flood experience, and her thoughts about economic recovery and the ability of people outside the area to understand what happened with interviewer Jay Barnes. 19 June 2002

Todd Davison, civil servant, discusses his work in the Mitigation Division with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), his efforts toward flood control in southeastern states, his thoughts on the preparation and coordination efforts before Hurricane Floyd, the need for water rescue missions and role of FEMA in prepositioning supplies in needed areas, difficulties in moving supplies afterward, differences between public perceptions of the FEMA buyout and their legal capabilities, the dynamics of people in shelters and FEMA's efforts to provide housing including communication difficulties between FEMA workers and flood victims, the value of within state mutual aid, changes after the flood including to flood maps and insurance, and his thoughts on the differences between personal and local/state responsibilities with interviewer Jay Barnes. 7 August 2002

Bo Fussell, firefighter, discusses his experiences as a firefighter during the rescue efforts in Wallace, N.C., after Hurricane Floyd, including the reluctance of people to leave their homes, and the assistance of community members with interviewer Jay Barnes. 21 August 2002

Steve Harned, director of the National Weather Service in Raleigh, N.C., discusses his experiences with Hurricane Floyd, including watching changes in the storm and the characteristics of the rainfall, the lack of preparation before the flood and his concerns about complacency after the flood, his work toward enhancing flood maps in North Carolina, and the value and danger of seasonal hurricane forecasts with interviewer Jay Barnes. 10 June 2002

J. C. Heath discusses his attempts to prepare for the flood following Hurricane Floyd, his decision to refuse both federal and organizational assistance and fix his home himself, his feeling that the flood was a result of built-up neighborhoods, and the details of the damage done to his house with interviewer Jay Barnes. 21 August 2002

Allan Hoffman, television anchor, discusses Hurricane Floyd and the two other hurricanes in 1999, the diverse background and generosity of volunteers, including reporter Carla Allegood, offering their time, services, and money to the recovery efforts, his work as a reporter for WNCT-TV getting information to people in need, the station's receiving of a Murrow Award, and the unspoken heroes of the rescue effort with interviewer Jay Barnes. 19 June 2002

William A. Hogan, police chief, discusses details of Hurricane Floyd, including the percentage of the city underwater, its impact on all social classes, the low crime during flooding, fatalities in Rocky Mount, N.C., volunteers and rescue services for flood victims, lessons learned from the hurricane and flood, businesses that were destroyed, and his memory of victims lying to Red Cross about damages to their home with interviewer Jay Barnes. 18 June 2002

Gerald Hoover, police officer, discusses his experiences as a rescue swimmer for the United States Coast Guard during Hurricane Floyd, including difficulties in maneuvering the dark flooded urban environment, people who refused to leave their homes, and the important work of the pilots with interviewer Jay Barnes. 18 June 2002

North Carolina Governor James Hunt and Carolyn Hunt discuss each of their experiences with Hurricane Floyd, the rescue and relief efforts of community members, Jim's attempt to raise money for flood relief and improve economic recovery efforts, and the importance of telling flood stories with interviewer Jay Barnes. 1 August 2002

Bobby Joyner, public officer, discusses his work as director of Emergency Services in Pitt County, N.C., details of Hurricane Floyd including the opening up of shelters to victims, traveling via helicopter, the purchase of his home by the federal government, the assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with housing, difficulties of navigating the relief bureaucracy, and the lessons learned by the state government after the flood with interviewer Jay Barnes. 29 July 2002

Jewel Kilpatrick with interviewer Jay Barnes. 1 August 2002

Bill Kornegay, public officer, discusses his experiences as town commissioner of Grifton, N.C., and his memories of Hurricane Floyd including flood victim relief, the volunteer work of churches in rebuilding efforts, and the coming together of the community regardless of race and class with interviewer Jay Barnes. 8 September 2002

Diane LeFiles, school administrator, discusses her involvement with emergency relief and public relations during Hurricane Floyd, including dealing with federal agencies and sending information to news organizations so relatives could stay informed, and details of the flood and its aftermath, including issues with the school, difficulties in communication between migrant workers and rescuers, life in the shelters, and the strength of the community through the involvement of local churches and volunteers from within and outside the area with interviewer Jay Barnes. 17 June 2002

Ernest Leverette and Cindy Burnett discuss Cindy's work as a veterinarian at Burnett Vet Hospital in Burgaw, N.C., and her involvement with preparations and animal rescues during Hurricane Floyd, including boarding animals before the hurricane, the rescue of horses, saving people's pets, their communication with NBC News, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), and the United States Humane Society, surgery on sick animals, and the donation of local and outside supplies and homes for stray animals with interviewer Jay Barnes. 8 June 2002

Ed Maness, police officer, discusses his work with the video unit for the State Highway Patrolmen during Hurricanes Fran and Floyd, including using footage after Hurricane Fran to keep people from looting and using aerial footage to find homes, check changes in the coastline, and rescue people from driving through dangerous areas, his belief in the importance of the Department of Transportation, and his frustration with people's unawareness of what water can do to cars and people with interviewer Jay Barnes. 12 August 2002

Marian N. McLawhorn, public officer, discusses her background in politics and legislature, her personal experience with Hurricane Floyd including her setting up of a distribution center, stories she heard from rescuers, the value of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) workers, the National Guard, and church volunteers with relief efforts, the loss of population in Grifton, N.C., and hindsight regarding one cent sales tax with interviewer Jay Barnes. 8 September 2002

Clifton Mills, construction worker, discusses his experiences cleaning up roads after Hurricane Floyd and working with James Wilder, who was swept into the current and drowned with interviewer Jay Barnes. 6 June 2002

John Morgan, contractor, discusses his wife's business, Edna's Kitchen, his experience on Oak Island during Hurricane Floyd and the damage from the surge, difficulties keeping people off the island in the aftermath, the condition of the beach and building area after it was rebuilt, and fatalities of people riding on the beach with interviewer Jay Barnes. 5 September 2002

Ken Mullen, fire chief, discusses the lack of preparation for rising waters, difficulties with power outages in organizing rescues, flood heroes, fatalities in the area, rescue stories, and changes for future rescue procedures with interviewer Jay Barnes. 18 June 2002

Bobby Nimmo, farmer and volunteer firefighter, discusses his attempts to finish harvesting tobacco after Hurricane Floyd when the flood hit, the evacuation of people from the area in the middle of the night, the reactions of Latino and migrant laborers and effect of the floods on local farmers, changes in rescue plans for the future, interactions between local and outsider helpers, and the personal lessons he learned with interviewer Jay Barnes. 21 August 2002

Drew Pearson, police officer, discusses his work as an operations officer with the Coast Guard Air Station in Elizabeth, N.C., Coast Guard hurricane evacuation preparations and efforts, and his 42-hour search and rescue efforts in Tarboro, N.C., including communication difficulties involved in rescue with interviewer Jay Barnes. 24 June 2002

Lindy Pierce, student and political activist, discusses her work with Youth in Action and the history of the group, their work in Tarboro, N.C., building homes and in Princeville, N.C., repairing a historically black church, their interactions with homeowners and locals, and the reasons for her participation with interviewer Jay Barnes. 22 May 2002

Ronnie Rich, firefighter, discusses his experiences as a volunteer firefighter during Hurricane Floyd including the fire department's inability to use their trucks due to flooding, the rescue of a boy stranded at the Rockfish Country Club, his memory of a Latino person who helped save a child, the repair efforts afterwards, and the effect of the flooding on his business, Heat and Air Supply with interviewer Jay Barnes. 21 August 2002

Stanley Riggs, professor, discusses his expertise in geology and flooding, his personal and professional history and connections to eastern North Carolina, his explanation for the floods including changes in geology, comparisons between the Hurricane Floyd floods and others, and changes after the flood including ditching and draining swamp lands with interviewer Jay Barnes. 26 August 2002

James Smith, emergency management worker, discusses his experiences during Hurricane Floyd including difficulties delivering supplies and resources, human and livestock fatalities from flooding, the revising of floodplain maps, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) buyouts, and the need for better preparation with interviewer Jay Barnes. 15 July 2002

Hazel Sorrell and Diane Hardison discuss the founding of Benson Area Ministries, the Benson's Children's Home, and the Wilson Interfaith Recovery Committee, and their assistance with flood relief, rebuilding with Salvation Army, and helping residents with buyouts with interviewer Jay Barnes. 25 August 2002

Barbara Stiles, NGO director, discusses her experiences volunteering with the Red Cross during Hurricane Floyd in the New Bern, N.C., area, the emotional stress of the floods on families, her work as director of the Wayne County Long Term Recovery interfaith organization, and their efforts toward financial assistance and the rebuilding of flooded homes with interviewer Jay Barnes. 18 September 2002

Faye Stone, public officer, discusses her work with volunteerism and community service in the governor's office before and after Hurricane Floyd, including managing donations, setting up an emergency hotline, and disbursing funds, her work with United Way, people she sees as heroes after the floods, and how the floods affected her personally with interviewer Jay Barnes. 28 June 2002

Carolyn Tyler, executive, discusses her work with the North Carolina Interfaith Disaster Response, including connecting faith leaders in the community after Hurricane Floyd, the types of volunteers, and the value of service with interviewer Jay Barnes. 15 July 2002

Charlotte Webb, NGO director and accountant, discusses her work with Habitat for Humanity, especially as project manager for their Hurricane Floyd rebuilding project, her experiences dealing with and arranging volunteers, difficulties of working with Home Depot and Lowe's at the same time, tensions between Tarboro and Princeville, N.C., and her personal experiences during and after the flood with interviewer Jay Barnes. 1 July 2002

Elizabeth Wilder, television reporter, discusses her own experiences with Hurricane Dennis and Hurricane Floyd, her work at the television station including the length of shifts and types of information passed out on the air, the emotional aspects of being stuck in floods, her experience interviewing President Bill Clinton, heroes of the flood, and the Murrow Award with interviewer Jay Barnes. 17 July 2002

Walter Davis, Jr., Walter Davis, Sr., and  Ruth Davis with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 15 January 2000

Clifton H. Harvell, construction worker, discusses his previous work for the fisheries department in North Carolina and with selling and managing industrial tools and materials, and how those experiences prepared him for work with the United Methodist Church, where he set up and navigated the church's response to Hurricane Floyd floods in Pitt County, Beaufort County, and Hyde County, N.C., and organized volunteer groups and materials needed, present needs at the time of the interview in 2000, lack of expectation and preparation for the flood and changes in preparing for floods in the future, reactions of people to the floods and what to do next, assistance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for some, his passion for helping people and pride in the community support, and his concerns for the recovery of the area with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 14 January 2000

Margie West and Steve Giunta with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 15 January 2000

James W. Connor, farmer, discusses the loss of his hogs but saving of other animals in the flooding following Hurricane Floyd, his devotion to animals and environmentalism, and his defense of the environmental practices of hog farmers and support of penalties for polluters with interviewers Rob Amberg and Charles Dillard Thompson. 19 December 1999

Kevin A. Hine discusses the river landing on the Northeast Cape Fear river and his experiences with Hurricane Floyd and the flooding of eastern North Carolina in 1999 with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 17 December 1999

William M. King, white farmer and forester, discusses the farm history of the area and his farm in particular, including the tobacco program, strawberry production, African American farm hands, and the rise of contract poultry in the area, the impact of the Hurricane Floyd floods on their property and the Unitarian mission school, and his work with the fire tower with interviewer Charles Dillard Thompson. 16 December 1999

Arliss Albertson, Randall Tyndall, and Paul Wolstenholme discuss Hurricane Floyd and the 1999 flooding of eastern North Carolina, including its impact on the environment, local, state, and federal coordination of emergency response, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) trailers, flood cleanup and rebuilding efforts, and reasons for the flooding with interviewer Katie Otis. 3 December 2002

Bruce Allen, white religious leader, discusses his experiences providing spiritual and emotional counseling to victims and relief workers of Hurricane Floyd in Grifton, N.C., including the therapeutic value of talking for flood victims, differences between active and passive counseling of victims and caregivers, reactions to the disaster from different age and racial groups, the role of prayer and crying during clean-up efforts of flooded homes, the building of community across racial lines after the hurricane, the role of community volunteers in relief efforts, the establishing of Flood Talks to meet both physical and emotional needs of flood victims, response to the flood by the Webb Chapel congregation, and the efforts of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with interviewer Leda Hartman. 31 May 2001

Willis Batts and Melba Harrell discuss farming and changes in rural North Carolina during the past half century including new retirement communities in Wallace, N.C., changing demographics, and work at the post office, Willis's experiences as an older widow and efforts to maintain independence including his relationship with his grown children, their experiences escaping and surviving the flood and returning home and rebuilding, the assistance of nonprofit organizations and church groups after the flood including Red Cross, their memories of Hurricane Fran and differences in floods they have experienced, the impact of flooding on local farmers and the environment, and their frustrations with governmental emergency response and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with interviewer Katie Otis. 13 January 2001

Clyda Coward and Debra Coward discuss their memories of childhood in rural North Carolina in the 1930s and 1940s, including working on farms and playing with siblings, the arrival of DuPont and subsequent jobs and economic stability for the community, and the impact of Hurricane Floyd on their community including the driving out of Tick Bite residents from their homes and communal gathering places with interviewer Leda Hartman. 30 May 2001

Marian McLawhorn, white public officer, discusses her childhood and the history of Grifton, N.C., including figures such as Ivan Bisset, Wiley Gaskins, and Leon Cox, differences between people who lived in town and in the country, her education at Eastern Carolina University, her experiences raising children in Grifton in the 1970s, the impact of DuPont on the local economy, her involvement with politics including running for town council, and serving as the first female mayor of Grifton and as a representative in the state General Assembly and the House of Representatives, the feeding and housing of Hurricane Floyd flood victims at the Pitt County Shrine Club and Craven County Fairgrounds, the recovery and relief efforts of Baptist men and women, Billy and Beatty Tarleton, Richard Moore with the North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety, National Guard, Grifton police department, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and Governor James Hunt, the impact of the flooding on the elderly, positive improvements to eastern North Carolina due to flood relief and response including new health programs, "Flood Talk," the Global Trans Park, and the Grifton Shad Festival, the loss of businesses, and changes in eastern North Carolina demographics including the growing Latino population with interviewer Leda Hartman. 1 June 2001

James Mercer, African American public officer, discusses the emergency response to Hurricane Floyd and its aftermath, including displacement, shelter, aid from organizations, local flood relief efforts, long-term strategies for housing displaced flood victims, the Hazard Mitigation buyout program, and improvements in natural disaster forecasting by the Army Corps of Engineers with interviewer Leda Hartman. 11 September 2002

Nina C. Williams, white teacher, discusses the impact of the 1999 flooding following Hurricane Floyd on North Carolina's elderly population, including the flooding of nursing homes and moving of residents out of the homes, and the overall impact of the flood and recovery efforts on Golden Care's residents in particular with interviewer Katie Otis. 11 June 2001

Edwin Lee Worsley, Jr., white public officer, discusses his job as county manager and his role in community disaster response, including managing the efforts of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other incoming aid and volunteers following Hurricane Floyd, differences between disaster response and emergency preparation in rural and metropolitan areas, and the lack of management resources in rural counties with interviewer Katie Otis. 11 December 2002

Wayne Bess, factory supervisor, with interviewer Reid McGlamery. 3 May 1999

Garfield Carr, African American public officer, with interviewer Laura Hajar. 16 March 1999

Steve Cherry, school principal, with interviewer Mark Jones. 19 February 1999

Talmadge Conner with interviewer Brian Campbell. 6 March 1999

James Dawkins, teacher and artist, with interviewer Kate Feldmeier. 6 April 1999

Frank Fields with interviewer Amanda Covington. 4 March 1999

Terry Graham, business owner with interviewer Amanda Covington. 22 March 1999

Roy Harris, athletics coach, with interviewer Reid McGlamery. 7 April 1999

Melton Johnson, business owner, with interviewer Amanda Covington. 7 April 1999

Al Jones, school administrator, with interviewer Amanda Covington. 2 March 1999

Leroy Magness, African American poet, with interviewer Michelle Markey. 27 March 1999

Vennie Moore with interviewer Brian Campbell. 24 February 1999

Kenneth Norton with interviewer Brian Campbell. 23 March 1999

Miriam Parrott, teacher, with interviewer Amanda Covington. 2 March 1999

Ronnie Roseboro, religious leader, with interviewer Mark Jones. 2 March 1999

Clyde Smith, white athletics coach, with interviewer Reid McGlamery. 7 March 1999

Alan Stoudemire, professor and physician with interviewer Reid McGlamery. 3 February 1999

Brenda Tapia, African American religious leader, with interviewer Laura Hajar. 11 May 1999

Rudolph Young, police officer, with interviewer Mark Jones. 5 March 1999

Karen M. McKaig, teacher and athletics coach, with interviewer Kate Feldmeier. 5 May 1999

Agnes Alexander, white engineer, with interviewer Amanda Lauria. 13 February 2001

Mary Archie and Herbert Smith with interviewer Aaron Hauser. 7 May 2001

Ed Beam, white motion picture producer and director, with interviewer David Rosenberg. 23 February 2001

Garfield Carr, African American public officer, with interviewer Jill Neumayer. 8 April 2001

Deborah Carter, white professor and sociologist with interviewer Chandra Payne. 22 February 2001

Winona Chestnut with interviewer Auda Cottrell. 9 February 2001

Mary Clemmons, white teacher, with interviewer Gary Davis. 24 February 2001

Helena Cunningham, white teacher, with interviewer Jonetta Johnson. 26 April 2001

Moses Davis, white fire fighter, with interviewer Gary Davis. 5 April 2001

Anne French, white teacher, with interviewer Nicholas Blackwell. 19 March 2001

Brenda Fonberger, white professor, with interviewer Marsha Owens. 12 March 2001

Sylvia Hager, white administrative assistant, with interviewer Katie Young. 20 March 2001

Andrew Haywood, white school administrator, with interviewer Matt West. 8 March 2001

Martha Jenkins, white engineer, with interviewer Aaron Hauser. 8 May 2001

Myrtle Johnson, African American secretary, with interviewer Jacqueline Whitten. 20 February 2001

May McNinch Johnston, white public relations professional, with interviewer Matt West. 29 April 2001

Judy Krenzer with interviewer Chandra Payne. 9 March 2001

Charles LaBorde, white school principal, with interviewer Auda Cottrell. 2 March 2001

Carolyn Lawrence, white teacher, with interviewer Marsha Owens. 19 April 2001

Jacqueline McCullough, African American administrative assistant, with interviewer Gary Davis. 4 April 2001

Robert Meeks, white salesperson, with interviewer Nicholas Blackwell. 17 February 2001

Rosalie Davis Meeks, white social worker, with interviewer Matt West. 7 February 2001

Kathleen Moloney-Tarr, white consultant, with interviewer Nicholas Blackwell. 11 April 2001

Eleanor Workman Payne, white administrative assistant, with interviewer Katie Young. 2 February 2001

Eunice Pharr, white teacher, with interviewer Amanda Lauria. 12 April 2001

Marcus Rivens, white fire fighter, with interviewer David Rosenberg. 9 March 2001

Kenneth Allen Simmons, white school principal, with interviewer Jacqueline Whitten. 5 March 2001

Shaw Smith, white professor, with interviewer Jonetta Johnson. 19 March 2001

Bill Strong, white teacher, with interviewer Chandra Payne. 13 April 2001

Brenda Tapia, African American religious leader, with interviewer Jonetta Johnson. 2 February 2001

Kenneth Vinson with interviewer Auda Cottrell. 4 April 2001

Kay Watts with interviewer Marsha Owens. 1 May 2001

Patsy Rice Camp, teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 23 March 1999

Timothy Gibbs, African American public officer, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 27 May 1998

Madge Hopkins, African American school administrator, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 17 October 2000

Willie Joplin, athletics coach, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 2 April 1999

Anna Spangler Nelson with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 15 February 1999

Patricia Sutherland, white teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 6 December 2000

Rudolph M. Torrence, police officer, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 27 May 1998

Gosnell White, white athletics coach, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 29 May 1999

Robert Yost, white teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 22 November 2000

Angela C. Wood Fritz, African American teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 16 November 2000

Andrew P. "Sam" Haywood, white school administrator and teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 6 November 2000

Charles B. LaBorde, white teacher and school principal, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 19 October 2000

William McMillan, Jr., African American school principal, teacher, and political activist, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 26 October 2000

Maggie W. Ray, white teacher and political activist, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 9 November 2000

Gerson Stroud, African American school principal and teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 26 May 1999

Gerson Stroud, African American school principal and teacher, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 24 October 1999

Jeremy M. Tarr, white musician, with interviewer Pamela Grundy. 24 November 2000

Sohrab Ali, East Indian American public health administrator and information technology professional, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 17 April 1999

Parashu Ram Bastola, East Indian American teacher, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 25 July 1999

Andrew Jilani and Cara Siano with interviewer Deepak Shinoy. 1 June 1999

Abdul Sahib Khalid, East Indian American physician, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 24 July 1999

Perumal Shivashanmugam with interviewer Aravinda Manu De Silva. 21 April 1999

Rahjey Shyam, East Indian American chef, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 26 July 1999

Balbir Singh, East Indian American farmer and restaurant worker, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 2 July 1999

Ravinder Singh, East Indian American travel agent, restaurant worker, and information technology professional, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 14 April 1999

Sawarn Singh, East Indian American restaurant worker, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 25 July 1999

Amy Weil and Aravinda deSilva with interviewer Deepak Shinoy. 19 July 1999

Chandrika Dalal, teacher, with interviewer Andrew Jilani. 22 July 1999

Mary T. Mathew, East Indian American immigrant, with interviewer Rashmi Varma. 25 April 1999

Vasantha Muthukumarana and Deepa Muthukumarana with interviewer Amy Weil. 24 April 1999

Kanwal Rahman with interviewer Rajika Bhandari. 15 July 1999

Leroy Alfred, artisan, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 14 August 2000

Don Borne, white executive, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 18 August 2000

Amos Favorite, agricultural laborer, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 11 August 2000

Willie Fontenot, white public officer, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 17 August 2000

Don Lewis, longshoreman, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 17 August 2000

Juanita Stewart, Thelma Wright, and Walter Wright with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 15 August 2000

Wilma Subra, white scientist, with interviewers Eugene Ford and Paul Francke. 16 August 2000

Norma Scott Baynes, African American nurse, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 14 July 1998

Richard Bowman, African American executive, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 8 July 1998

Samuel Maurice Camp, African American labor leader, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 20 June 1998

Louis Edward Grant, African American religious leader, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 22 July 1998

Bertha B. Johnson, African American teacher, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 2 April 1999

Portia Leverette-Waddell, African American religious leader and teacher, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 28 July 1998

Ilka Carmen McDowell, African American teacher, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 14 July 1998

Everette Earl Parrish, African American factory supervisor, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 20 July 1998

Louis Claude Ray with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 12 March 1998

Herbert James Watts, African American police officer, with interviewer Kelly Elaine Navies. 7 July 1998

James Atwater, African American professor, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 27 March 2001

Alice Battle, African American teacher and student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 20 February 2001

Access restriction: The audio for this interview is closed.

Alice Battle, African American teacher and student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 22 February 2001

Fred Battle, African American Civic leaders; student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 3 January 2001

Shirley Bradshaw, African American teacher, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 29 March 2001

Brad Bradshaw, African American coach, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 23 February 2001

Edwin Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 28 May 2000

Edwin Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 29 May 2000

Edwin Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 30 May 2000

Edwin Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 31 May 2000

Edwin Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 5 December 2000

Hilliard Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 13 October 2000

Hilliard Caldwell, African American politician and school administrator, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 24 October 2000

Elizabeth Carter with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 27 January 2000

Rebecca Clark, African American student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 21 June 2000

Thurman Couch, African American student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 12 February 2001

Nate Davis, African American student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 6 February 2001

Shirley Davis with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 5 February 2001

Walter Durham, African American student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 19 January 2001

Keith Edwards with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 14 December 2000

Keith Edwards with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 2 January 2001

Keith Edwards with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 16 January 2001

Sheila Florence, African American student, with interviewer Bob Gilgor. 20 January 2001