Gordon Williams Blackwell, white academic, discusses his early life and family background including his education and friends, his undergraduate years at Furman University and the relationship between Furman and the State Baptist Convention, his graduate work at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and doctoral degree from Harvard University, his work with Carl Zimmerman, Pitirim Sorokin, Bob Merton, Talcott Parsons, and W. I. Thomas, his research on rural habilitation for Thomas J. Woofter with the Works Progress Administration (WPA), his experiences as chairman of the Sociology Department at Furman University, his work with the Greenville County Council for Community Development, study of community and regionalism, and evaluation of growth in Greenville, S.C., from 1930 to 1975, his work with the Office of Civilian Defense during World War II, his experiences succeeding Dr. Odum as director of the Institute for Research in the Social Sciences at UNC, the relationship between Dr. Odum and Frank Graham, his experiences as President of Florida State University from 1960 to 1965 including his personal guidelines as an administrator and relationships between southern universities and society, his study of part-time farming in the South, his children and wife, and his thoughts on his achievements and plans for the future with interviewer Brent D. Glass. 5 January 1976

Robert Coles, white psychiatrist, discusses his work as a child psychiatrist and writer at Harvard University, his work in Georgia studying minority children, his series "Children of Crisis," his contribution to the field of oral history in the South and experiences working with African Americans, other minority groups, and migrant workers, his thoughts on the developing methodologies of oral history as they relate to the use of tape recorders, his thoughts on the purposes of oral history to promote social change, and comparisons between the work of academic writers and creative writers such as William Faulkner and Flannery O'Connor with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 24 October 1974

Clark Foreman, white political activist, discusses his childhood in Georgia and travels in Europe and their impact on his work for the Commission on Interracial Cooperation in Atlanta with Will Alexander, his reputation as a radical and rumored Communist during his work with the Phelps-Stokes and Julius Rosenwald Funds, his commitment to integration and political equality while supervising New Deal projects for the Department of the Interior, state parks, interdepartmental committee on Negro affairs, and power division of the Public Works Authority, his attempts to provide more public housing for African Americans, his opinion of leadership styles within the Interracial Commission and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare, including the endorsement of the Henry Wallace 1948 campaign, and comparisons between the contributions of socialists and communists at state and national levels, his loss of jobs over false reports that he endorsed Communism or was too aggressive in his work, his work with Black Mountain College, his time with the United States Navy, and work for the National Citizens Political Action Committee (PAC) and its impact on his children's radical views with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 16 November 1974

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses his childhood and family background, including memories of his siblings and family relationships, his mother's literary attempts, early exposure to black folk music, violin lessons, family history since the Civil War, agriculture in the South prior to World War I, his early discontentment with organized religion, memories of Rassie, son of a black tenant farmer, and his first contact with racial prejudice, his early attempts at collecting folklore and music, his sickness as a child and treatment at Johns Hopkins, the impact of his mother's death on he and his family, his elementary school education and attendance at Buies Creek Academy, his desire to attend the University of North Carolina (UNC), his social life as an adolescent, his passion for baseball, and the impact of literature, movies, folk superstitions, and dramas on him as a child, including D. W. Griffith and "Birth of a Nation" with interviewer Billy E. Barnes. 5 March 1975

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses his preparation for college at the University of North Carolina (UNC), his experiences at UNC, including campus activities, studies, and professors, his marriage, graduate study at Cornell University, experiences teaching at UNC in the 1920s, early playwriting activities and winning the 1926 Pulitzer Prize, experiences during World War I, study in Europe on a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1928, memories of Berlin in the late 1920s, group theater activities and work in Hollywood in the 1930s, development of a symphonic drama, memories of the writer's colony in Chapel Hill, N.C., in the 1950s and 1960s, financial and business activities, works in progress at the time of the interview in 1975, and thoughts on his working methodology and evaluation of his work with interviewer Billy E. Barnes. 7 May 1975

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses his childhood in rural Harnett County, N.C., including his encounters with poverty, struggle, and race and their impact on his life as an author and activist, his memories of stage actors who struggled to bring his salt-of-the-earth characters to life and activists who thrived on the misery they sought to banish, his belief in the importance of regional and social context, understanding, and action, his intervention in cases of injustice including a black teenager sentenced to death for rape, cruelty at a prison camp, tobacco workers and janitors struggling with substandard wages, and the case of a fugitive communist organizer, and the limited success of his efforts for collective action, which is reflected in some of his plays with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 30 May 1975

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses the movie industry and his Hollywood career, including his relationships with Darryl Zanuck, George Arlis, Will Rogers, Eddie Rickenbacker, Sam Goldwyn, and Max Reinhardt, the creation and production of his plays, including "In Abraham's Bosom," "The House of Connelly," "Enchanted Maze," "Johnny Johnson," "Native Son," "Hymn to the Rising Sun," and "Peer Gynt," his thoughts on and memories of Group Theater, Lee Strasburg, method acting, Clifford Odets, contemporary education, Howard Mumford Jones, theater criticism and education of playwrights, Kurt Weil, Richard Wright, Harold Clurman, Hallie Flanagan, the Federal Theatre Project, Orson Welles, and the Shropshire-Barnes case in North Carolina with interviewer Rhoda Wynn. 8 February 1974

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses his early childhood in Harnett County, N.C., including memories of his grandfather and black friend Rassie McLeod, the death of his mother, his school days at Pleasant Union and Buies Creek academy and memories of Professor James Archibald Campbell, his early reading and love of the land, stories of childhood struggles and failures, childhood experiences which spurred the writing of his black folk plays, his memories of the beating of a black school teacher in Angier, N.C., and the Sanford lynching, his childhood interests including church singing, fiddle playing, and pitching baseball in Lillington, N.C., and his job as principal of Olive Branch School near Kipling, N.C., with interviewer Rhoda Wynn. 1 February 1974

Paul Green, white playwright and social justice activist, discusses the folk beliefs and medicine of his childhood, his reflections on religion including Pleasant Union Church, his conversion and baptism, and singing in the church quartet with Rass Mathews, Gordon Long, and Ernest Spence, his memories of cornshuckings, Christmas celebrations, and children's games, his education at University of North Carolina (UNC) including his freshman courses, senior class play about the Atkins-Swain love affair, Carolina Playmakers, interactions with Tom Wolfe, Horace Williams, and James Finch Royster, and his growing criticism, his enlistment in the United States Army during World War I and service in Charlotte, Belgium, and France, Woodrow Wilson and the League of Nations, his marriage to Elizabeth Lay, his doctoral degree in philosophy from Cornell University and return to Chapel Hill, N.C., as Assistant Professor in philosophy, his move to the Dramatic Arts Department, his support for the abolition of capital punishment and the admission of black students to UNC, his thoughts on young southern radicals, his experiences playwriting and publishing, editing "The Reviewer," work with Barrett Clark of Samuel French publishers and Fred Koch, his production of "In Abraham's Bosom," and his winning of a Pulitzer Prize with interviewer Rhoda Wynn. 1 March 1974

Guy Benton Johnson, white sociologist, discusses his work with the North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation in the 1920s and 30s, including his work with Dr. N. C. Newbold to promote the education of black students, annual meetings, the role of women and church groups in the organization including Gertrude Weil, Mrs. W. H. Newall, and Charlotte Hawkins Brown, and his growing dissatisfaction with the organization, his experiences working with the Southern Regional Council (SRC), including the early work of Mrs. Jessie Daniel Ames and her forced resignation from the SRC, his difficulties in staffing and financing, controversies among people with board membership in the SRC and the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, segregation and arguments between white and black members of the SRC, efforts for mass membership and the creation of publications and their fueling of conflicts between the SRC and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare, and his perception of the influence of foreign politics in the SRC and their attempts to emphasize and deal with post-war economic problems of the South as well as the issue of race with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 16 December 1974

Howard Kester, white labor leader, discusses his childhood and family background in Virginia, including his father's involvement with the Ku Klux Klan and the religious beliefs of his mother, his education at Lynchburg College in the 1920s, his travel in Europe after World War II and its impact on his becoming a pacifist and increasing interest in race problems in the South, his efforts to organize the first interracial student group in the South and the opposition he faced from the community, the importance of his Christian faith and adherence to the Social Gospel on his continued efforts to work for social justice causes, including eliminating racial hatred, advocating for the labor movement, and uniting African American and white workers in the South, his work for groups including the Fellowship of Reconciliation and the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and his investigation of lynchings throughout the South, the Southern Tenant Farmers Union and his help establishing the Delta and Providence Farms, his joining of the Socialist Party and fierce opposition to Communism and its infiltration into the labor movement, and his memories of social justice leaders Reinhold Niebuhr, Will Alexander, Jessie Daniel Ames, Will Campbell, and his wife, Alice Harris Kester with interviewers Jacquelyn Dowd Hall and William R. Finger. 22 July 1974

Howard Kester, white labor leader, discusses his involvement with organizations such as the YMCA and YWCA, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen, the Committee on Economic and Racial Justice, the Penn School, the Southern Summer School for Women Workers, and the Southern Tenant Farmers Union, his radical Christian values and Socialist leanings and their relationship to his beliefs in fundamental human equality, his perception of similar struggles between African Americans and workers, of social justice issues as relevant to all Americans, and areas of progress and obstacles that remained, and the leadership roles and beliefs of fellow social activists including Reinhold Niebuhr, Elizabeth Gilman, Alva Taylor, Elizabeth Jones, Louise Young, Louise Leonard McLaren, and his wife, Alice Harris Kester with interviewer Mary Frederickson. 25 August 1974

Holt McPherson, white editor, discusses his family background, education, early employment with High Point Enterprise, life and activities at the University of North Carolina (UNC) in the 1920s, including development and support of the UNC School of Journalism, his early journalism career, marriage, move to Florida in 1937 and work for the Miami Herald in the Fort Lauderdale bureau, his return to North Carolina in 1941 and work with editor Shelby Star, his social life, financial and business investments, and civic involvements, his work as editor of the High Point Enterprise, his friendship and associations with O. Max Gardner and Luther Hodges, memories of Harry Truman and Robert Kennedy, his connections with UNC at the time of the interview in 1975, involvement with High Point College, work on state commissions in the 1950s and 1960s, his memories of the Pearsall Plan and integration of public schools in North Carolina, Terry Sanford and the Committee of National Purpose, Frank Graham and the founding of the medical school and Memorial Hospital in Chapel Hill, N.C., and Spencer Love and Ray Brown with interviewer Elisha P. Douglass. 9 April 1975

Arthur Franklin Raper, white sociologist, discusses his work for the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, his publications including Preface to Peasantry, Tenants of the Almighty, and The Tragedy of Lynching, his work with Howard Odum and the Institute for Research in Social Science, political analysis and reception in the South in the 1930s, his family background, and his thoughts on enfranchisement, school desegregation, and the impact of technology. 29 January 1974

Arthur Franklin Raper, white sociologist and political activist, discusses his work as research director for the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, including his memories of Jessie Daniel Ames, thoughts on her leadership style, the role of the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching (ASWPL), the exclusion of African American women from the organization, tensions between Ames, Will Alexander, and Robert Eleazer, and his own testimony during Senate hearings on the Wagner-Van Nuys federal anti-lynching bill with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 30 January 1974

Arthur Franklin Raper, white sociologist, discusses his personal views on race and race relations in the South, his work with the Commission on Interracial Cooperation and Gunnar Myrdal, the beginnings of his liberalism and his memories of other white liberals including Lillian Smith, Will Alexander, and Howard W. Odum, and his memories of African American leaders with interviewer Morton Sosna. 23 April 1971

Igal Roodenko, white political activist, discusses his childhood as son of first-generation immigrants in New York City, his early interest in leftist politics and pacifism and struggles with feeling that Hitler's regime warranted opposition, his time during World War II in a camp for conscientious objectors, including his participation in hunger strikes and time in prison, the impact of his experiences with peace groups and Ghandian nonviolence on his leadership in the civil rights movement following the war, and his participation in the Journey of Reconciliation in 1947 and involvement with the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), including their strategies for testing segregation policies on Trailways and Greyhound buses, arrest in Chapel Hill, N.C., work on a segregated chain gang, threats of mob violence,and the assistance of minister Charles Jones in helping them escape town safely with interviewers charlotte Adams, Joseph Felmet, Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, and Jerry Wingate. 11 April 1974

Charles Russell, white professor and journalist, discusses his childhood and early education, his experiences at the University of North Carolina (UNC) from 1900 to 1904, including his memories and opinions of F. P. Venable, C. Alphonso Smith, H. V. Wilson, W. C. Coker, K. P. Battle, and Horace Williams, work as editor of the Daily Tar Heel in 1903, activities of the Di and Phi Societies, and his description of campus, his memories of Chapel Hill from 1900 to 1904, including local merchants such as A. A. Klutz and H. H. Patterson, railroad connections and access to Chapel Hill, and Carrboro as the railroad tie center, his work at the Charlotte Observer, with the New York Press, and in Chicago, his trip to Europe and work on the London Daily Express in 1914 and his memories of life in London during World War I, his work as a freelance writer in New York during World War I and in the 1920s, his return to UNC as an instructor in the English Department in the 1930s, and his work with the UNC School of Journalism before and after World War II, including memories of student Robert Ruark with interviewer John Macfie. 12 February 1974

Charles Russell, white professor and journalist, discusses his early acquaintance with Frank Porter Graham and his brother and its impact on his becoming a faculty member at the University of North Carolina (UNC), Graham's presidency, personality, politics, and abilities, his impact on the political and educational environment in North Carolina, his relationships with state legislature and faculty and students at UNC, his support in North Carolina and senatorial campaign in 1950, and Russell's acquaintances with Edwin Alderman, Harry Woodburn Chase, Governor Aycock, and H. L. Mencken with interviewer Joseph A. Herzenberg. 28 November 1973

Charles Russell, white professor and journalist, discusses his childhood in North Carolina, his graduation from the University of North Carolina (UNC) in 1904, his work as a writer in New York and London before returning to Chapel Hill, N.C., to teach at UNC, the worker education programs in North Carolina during the late 1930s and early 1940s, his experiences teaching at the Southern Summer School for Workers and Black Mountain College Institute of the Textile Workers of America, including the insight of leaders such as Louise McLaren, Leo Huberman, Larry Rogan, and Mildred Price, and the role of faculty, students, curriculum, and recreation, schools of thought within the labor movement, and his belief in the importance of economic change over political action with interviewer Mary Frederickson. 18 November 1974

Ernest Seeman, white author and publisher, discusses his family background and childhood in Durham, N.C., during the burgeoning of the American Tobacco Company, his leaving school to work for his father's business Seeman Printery, their close work with the Duke family and their associate C. W. Toms, the relationship of the American Tobacco Company to the community, the transition of Seeman Printery from a small establishment to a mechanized business and his assuming of control of the business in 1917, his work as head of Duke University Press, including the founding of the Explorer's Club, his close work with students, and the impact of his radical labor views on his being forced to resign, his move to New York and Tumbling Creek, Tenn., and devotion to his writing with interviewer Mimi Conway. 13 February 1976

W. P. Tams, white miner, discusses his assessment of other coal operators including Justus Collins, Samuel Dixon, John Laing, Harry Caperton, William Nelson Page, and E. E. White, differences between mine managers and operator-owners and between southern and northern operators, the assumed social responsibility of mine operators and their opposition to the unionization of mines, the building of Tams, W.Va., as an ideal mining community, his relationship with his miners and sources of mine labor, division and segregation of mining towns, motivations of operators and mining entrepreneurs in West Virginia mountains, the establishing of the Coal Operators Association and its goals, early labor troubles in the mines, the role of American Constitutional Association, the impact of the Great Depression and New Deal on the coal mines, the involvement and goals of operators with local politics, and his personal goals and experiences in opening the mines with interviewer Ronald D. Eller. 8 March 1975

Louis Round Wilson, white librarian, discusses his early employment as a teacher in Scotland Neck, N.C., at Catawba College in Newton, N.C., and as a librarian at the University of North Carolina (UNC), the organization of the university library including the reclassification of the collection and formation of the North Carolina Library Association in 1904, his position as first director of the North Carolina Library Commission, infection with tuberculosis and rehabilitation in New York, work with the American Library Association (ALA) and the Carnegie Corporation, including helping southern black colleges found library schools and formulating standards for southern high school and college libraries, his work as Dean of the Library School at the University of Chicago, service on the ALA Board of Education for Librarianship, work as a library consultant throughout the eastern United States, publications, and securing federal aid for libraries in 1936 with interviewer William Stevens Powell. 28 March 1974

Louis Round Wilson, white librarian, discusses his childhood in Lenoir, N.C., including his memories of small town life, boyhood, early education, and his work at the Lenoir Topic, his college education at Haverford College, leaving due to illness, and transfer to the University of North Carolina (UNC) in Chapel Hill, and his memories of UNC and Chapel Hill including campus life and professors, Horace Williams, J. W. Gore, Thomas Hume, C. Alphonso Smith, Major Cain, Archibald Henderson, W. D. Toy, Eben Alexander, and F. P. Venable, UNC administration, his role as librarian beginning in 1901, town life and student activities, fraternities, churches, and student medical facilities around 1900 with interviewer William Stevens Powell. 26 September 1972

Jim Clark, white sheriff, discusses some of his experiences working in Dallas county, Ala., from 1955 to 1966, including his belief in upholding the law during the Selma to Montgomery marches of 1965, his perception of bad behavior of civil rights activists, and his resentment toward his media portrayal and Wilson Baker with interviewer James Reston. 1 May 1976

William Terry Couch, white author and publisher, discusses his childhood and education, his life in rural Virginia, his work as associate director and director of the University of North Carolina (UNC) Press, freedom of the press in the South, problems of tenant farmers and the Farm Security Administration (FSA), his involvement with the Southern Policy Committee, the Southern Conference for Human Welfare, and William Volker Foundation, his work as regional director of the Federal Writers' Project, with "These Are Our Lives," as director of the University of Chicago Press, and as editor of Collier's Encyclopedia, and his impressions of the Nashville Agrarians, Henry G. Alsberg, Clarence Carson, Harry Woodburn Chase, Jonathan Daniels, Frank Porter Graham, Robert M. Hutchins, Herman C. Nixon, Howard W. Odum, and others with interviewer Daniel Joseph Singal. 22 October 1970

Clifford Durr, white attorney, discusses his appointment with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), important figures such as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, White House aide James Rowe, and Senator Lister Hill of Alabama, the FCC's broadcast regulations and examination of the communicative uses of radio prior to World War II, his efforts to incorporate more educational programming into radio broadcasts and belief that major networks should not be allowed to monopolize radio waves, his perception of red hysteria and its impact on government agencies, suspicion of his and his wife's leftist politics, his private law practice in Washington, D.C., and reputation as a defender of dissenters including Frank Oppenheimer, the subpoena of him, his wife Virginia Foster Durr, and friend Aubrey Williams by Senator James Eastland of Mississippi in the 1950s, the efforts of Senator Lyndon Baines Johnson to help them, and details of the hearings before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) with interviewers Allen Tullos and Candace Waid. 29 December 1974

Elaine Tiller Duty, white miner, discusses her grandparents' property and her inheritance of the land, the selling of timber to lumber companies and land to a coal company, changes in the community from 1880 to 1950, and the impact of coal development in the 1950s, her father's work as a politician and his campaign style, and the role of her mother and description of family relationships with interviewer Ronald D. Eller. 30 January 1976

Alester G. Furman, white business person, discusses his family history and childhood in South Carolina, his family's help establishing Furman University, his education there and appointment on the board of trustees, his father's training as a lawyer and involvement in the establishment of the textile industry in Greenville, S.C., Alester's assuming control of the family business, including the positive impact of the war on the business and growth in the 1920s, the ramifications of scientific management in southern textile industries, the impact of the Great Depression, and the relationship between labor and management in Greenville textile mills and the lack of unionization, changes in the Greenville community, and his family, civic, and university-related activities with interviewer Brent D. Glass. 6 January 1976

Guy Benton Johnson, white sociologist, discusses his childhood and education in rural Texas, his graduate studies at the University of Chicago and the University of North Carolina (UNC), research on race relations in the South including the St. Helena Island Study, his teaching career at UNC, work as a research associate for An American Dilemma and as director of the Southern Regional Council, involvement as a trustee at Howard University, and impressions of Gunnar Myrdal and Howard W. Odum with interviewer Daniel Joseph Singal. 14 December 1971

John Lyon Kennedy, white professor, discusses his family background and childhood in Saginaw, Mich., his position at the time of the interview as professor in the School of Business Administration and Economics at California State University at Northridge, his experiences studying Psychology at Stanford University including professors Walter Eels and J. E. Coover, his graduate studies at Brown University including faculty members Leonard Carmichael, Walter S. Hunter, and Ray R. Willoughby, his work as a psychical research fellow at Stanford and motivations for going into psychical research, the attitude of psychology department members regarding psychical research, the 1938 meetings of the American Psychology Association (APA) including the reception of papers delivered, his memories of Knight Dunlap, aims for the Extrasensory Perception (ESP) session of the APA, and Gardner Murphy's rejoinder to his paper, his move to Tufts University in 1939, and his involvement in psychical research at the time of the interview in 1976 with interviewer Michael McVaugh. 10 April 1976

Stuart Long, white political activist, discusses his involvement with the Texas liberal movement with interviewer Chandler Davidson. 3 June 1976

Broadus Mitchell, white historian, discusses his childhood and education, the career of Samuel Chiles Mitchell at the University of Richmond and University of South Carolina, his graduate work and teaching at Johns Hopkins University, involvement with the Socialist Party in Maryland and Baltimore Urban League, research on cotton textile industry and Alexander Hamilton, and impressions of Elizabeth Gilman, Jacob Hollander, Douglas Southall Freeman, George S. Mitchell, Morris Mitchell, and Josiah Morse with interviewer Daniel Joseph Singal. 11 November 1971

Broadus Mitchell and Louise Pearson Mitchell, white historian and teacher, discuss Broadus' family background and childhood in Georgetown, Ky., including his family roots in religion and education, the strong influence of both his mother and father, his father's career as a professor of history, his parents' liberal political leanings and community involvement, his early perceptions of race, and the impact of his upbringing on his political beliefs, his work as an economic historian, the shift of the textile industry from New England to the South and the impact of industrialization on southern communities, his interest in politics of labor and race, his involvement with labor education programs including the Summer School for Women Workers at Bryn Mawr College and the Southern School for Women Workers in North Carolina, his move to Baltimore to teach at Johns Hopkins University, his experience under administrative scrutiny and resigning after speaking out about a lynching in Salisbury, Md., advocating for the admittance of African American graduate students to the university, and embracing socialist politics, his work at Occidental College and New York University during World War II before teaching in the Economics Department at Rutgers University, his continued involvement with leftist politics and participation in a movement to combat McCarthyism in academia, his siblings' labor and racial activism, and Louise's career in teaching, community involvement, and efforts to balance the demands of work and family with interviewer Mary Frederickson. 14-15 August 1977

Herman Moore, white politician, discusses his early Democratic Party offices, reputation as a member of the Old Guard, evaluation of Luther Hodges and Terry Sanford and their administrations, background in finance and business interests, motivation to run for office, local party organization at the precinct level, the progressive image of North Carolina, eastern and Piedmont political blocs, his memories of Robert Morgan, the lack of political coalition between Charlotte and other Piedmont cities, the medical schools at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and East Carolina University (ECU), city-county relationships, real estate developers and the annexation of perimeter areas in Charlotte, opposition to consolidation, his opinions on the ward system, businessmen in government, and wildlife conservation with interviewer William T. Moye. 27 June 1974

J. Gaither Pratt, white allied health personnel, with interviewers Seymour H. Mauskopf and M. R. McVaugh. 20 May 1974

J. Gaither Pratt, white allied health personnel, discusses his undergraduate courses at Duke University, memories of William McDougall, Alban Widgery, and Helge Lundholm, friendship with and work for J. B. Rhine testing Extrasensory Perception (ESP) subjects, Rhine's logic course, Pratt's early intentions to be a Methodist minister and growing skepticism at Duke, his summer as a pastor before entry into the School of Religion, his change to the psychology department as a special student, staff at the Duke psychology department, his ESP research, testing, and result publication with Hubert Pearce, his personal areas of interest as a graduate student including his thesis, dissertation, and other topics, Zener Cards, and his life as a student during the Great Depression with interviewers Seymour H. Mauskopf and M. R. McVaugh. 20 May 1974

J. Gaither Pratt, white allied health personnel, discusses his work with Gardner Murphy and Murphy's interests in parapsychology, personal stake in the field of psychology, and relations with the psychology department at Duke University and J. B. Rhine, Pratt's interest in parapsychology and setting up a program at Columbia University similar to that at Duke University, his graduate work and tests at Duke University and Columbia University, his tests and the publication of his results with Mrs. Manter as evidence of Extrasensory Perception (ESP), Hubert Pearce and a cheating episode on an early precognition test, and Margaret Mead's interests in parapsychology with interviewers Seymour H. Mauskopf and M. R. McVaugh. 10 June 1975

Laurie Pritchett, white police officer, discusses his involvement with the Albany, Ga., civil rights movement including his attempts to alter his public image as a racist police chief, his complicated friendship with Martin Luther King, Jr., and his efforts to place African Americans on the police force in the 1960s, his involvement with African American causes as High Point, N.C., police chief, his use and teaching of non-violent law enforcement and its impact on the civil rights movement in Albany and elsewhere, and his thoughts on public demonstrations of civil rights protesters and the responsibilities of sheriffs with interviewer James Reston. 23 April 1976

Lawrence Rainey, white police officer, discusses his employment history from 1968 to the time of the interview in 1976, his work for the police department in Franklin, Ky., his experiences with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) protests and national media coverage, the CBS movie based on the incident in Neshoba County, Miss., in which civil rights workers were killed, its portrayal of the sheriff and impact on him, the legal grounds for a lawsuit against CBS and the FBI and the first trial in October 1967, and differences in attitudes toward civil rights in the early 1960s and the time of the interview with interviewer James Reston. 26 April 1976

Arthur Franklin Raper, white sociologist, discusses his childhood and education at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and Vanderbilt University, his work for the Commission on Interracial Cooperation as research and field secretary, Southern Commission on the Study of Lynching, Southern Conference for Human Welfare, Carnegie Corporation Study of the American Negro, and Department of State and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), his agricultural development work in Japan, the Middle East, Taiwan, and East Pakistan, and his impressions of Will Alexander, Frank Porter Graham, Gunnar Myrdal, and others with interviewer Daniel Joseph Singal. 8 January 1971

Interview closed.

Rupert Bayless Vance, white sociologist, discusses his childhood and education at Henderson-Brown College, his graduate work at Vanderbilt University and the University of North Carolina (UNC), his development of social sciences in the South and work on southern race relations, his involvement with the Populist Party and Southern Sociological Society, his agricultural life, and his impressions of the Nashville Agrarians, W. T. Couch, Frank Porter Graham, Charles S. Johnson, Herman C. Nixon, Howard W. Odum, and others with interviewer Daniel Joseph Singal. 3 September 1970

Rupert Bayless Vance, white sociologist, with interviewer Michael O'Brien. 15 November 1973

Marion A.Wright, white attorney and civil rights leader, discusses his early years including his impression of Senator Ben Tillman and interactions with African Americans, his years at the University of South Carolina and work with Columbia Record including his impressions of Dr. Joseph Morse, Dr. S. C. Mitchell, and August Cohen, his law practice in Conway, S.C., including reactions to him and the situation for African Americans, the leadership of Jessie Daniel Ames, Dorothy Tilly, and Alice Spearman Wright, his involvement with the Commission on Interracial Cooperation and Southern Regional Council, civil rights advocacy of clergymen, and the roles of Judge J. Waites Waring, Senator "Cotton Ed" Smith, and Governor Cole L. Blease with interviewer Arnold M. Shankman. 11 March 1976

Marion A. Wright and Alice Spearman Wright, white civil rights leaders, discuss Marion's views on the state of the civil rights movement at the time of the interview in 1977, including his optimism regarding the abolition of the death penalty, opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and thoughts on claims of reverse discrimination, Alice's support of the ERA, her thoughts on Marion's optimism and economic, social, and political discrimination, and her interest in multidisciplinary approaches in education with interviewers Arnold M. Shankman and Pam Zagaroli. 1 April 1977

Marion A. Wright, white attorney and civil rights leader, discusses his opposition to the death penalty, including his experiences as a reporter in witnessing executions, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s example of non-violence and its effect on thinking in the South, and his optimism regarding the abolition of the death penalty, his evaluation of former Senator and Governor Ben Tillman and Governor Cole L. Blease, the history of organized opposition to the death penalty in North Carolina and reasons for public sentiment in favor of the death penalty at the time of the interview in 1977, his speculation regarding the positions of President Carter's administration and the Supreme Court, his perception of progress in civil rights and anti-Semitism in South Carolina, and his opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and his wife, Alice Spearman Wright's support of it with interviewer Ann Yarborough. 1 April 1977

Marion A.Wright, white attorney and civil rights leader, discusses his beliefs in racial justice, his membership in the Southern Regional Council (SRC) and their attempts to end legal segregation, and the fading of the SRC with interviewer Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. 8 March 1978

William Beverly Murphy, white executive, with interviewer Archie K. Davis. 1978

Ernest Cagle, white textile worker, discusses his work for Sellers Manufacturing in Saxapahaw County, N.C., work history in textile mills in North Carolina and Virginia since the 1920s, the impact of the Great Depression on the textile industry and him personally, moonshining, his relations with his employers, his decision not to join a trade union, and his life and family with interviewer Ben F. Bulla. 11 September 1981

Luther Lassiter with interviewer Frank Adams. 3 November 1976

Daniel Killian Moore, white attorney and governor, discusses the creation of the Court of Appeals in 1965, his campaign for governor, the criteria for appointing Appellate judges, his evaluation of his appointees including Mallard, Campbell, Brock, Britt, Forthing, Parker, Susie Sharp, and Naomi Morris, his thoughts on women as judges, his perception of the qualities of a good judge and their power, interactions between judiciary and legislature, his role models including Bobbitt, Governor Gardener, and his father, and his perception of the improving quality of law schools with interviewer Pat DeVine. 12 April 1983

Naomi Elizabeth Morris, white judge, discusses her childhood in Wilson, N.C., with a strong mother as her role model and family expectations to excel in school, her attendance at Atlantic Christian College (now Barton College) and her degree in English, her summer spent in Washington, D.C., with her sorority sisters working for the war effort with the signal corps, the death of her father and her move back in with her mother, her work as a legal secretary for William Lucas at Lucas & Rand, her experience as one of the only women students attending law school at the University of North Carolina (UNC) in the 1950s, her return to work for Lucas & Rand, her increasing involvement in politics and campaigning for Governor Dan Moore, Moore's nomination of her as one of the founding members of the North Carolina Court of Appeals, her experiences on the Court of Appeals from the late 1960s to early 1980s, and her thoughts on the role of law and the judiciary in politics with interviewer Pat DeVine. 11 and 16 November 1982

Fred W. Morrison, white school administrator and teacher, discusses his family background and childhood, life in a railroad town in Spencer, N.C., including rail freight transfer and service maintenance, the money panic depression of 1907, his impression of single room schools and primary education in North Carolina, the Equalizing Act of 1889, his education at Mount Pleasant Prep School in Albermarle, N.C., his employment as shop supervisor at Spencer Shops, his undergraduate education at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and doctorate at Columbia University, Dr. Joseph Hyde Pratt's contribution to school construction in Currituck County, N.C., his employment as an English instructor and principal of New Bern High School in 1913, superintendent of Chapel Hill Public Schools, and principal of Chapel Hill High School, the founding and development of football at Chapel Hill High School, his memories of the bond issue for the state road system in 1921, his thoughts on Governor Charles B. Aycock, William Jennings Bryan, John Dewey, and Governor Max Gardner, Gardner's farming program and efforts to improve education in North Carolina, his outlook on farm disclosures in North Carolina during the 1930s, advancements in Public Works and Services in North Carolina in the 1920s and 1930s, and public roads development and gasoline tax with interviewer Douglass Hunt. 1 January 1977

Junius Irving Scales, white political activist, discusses his analysis of the political atmosphere and heritage of the 1950s, his childhood and early life and the role of his family background in the attacks on him and as aid in securing his freedom, his personal political classification at the time of the interview in 1976, the mental impact of his trial, conviction, the harassment and intimidation he faced after prison, and leaving the communist Party, his failure to obtain defense witnesses, his initial reasons for joining the Communist Party, the convictions of the Hollywood Ten, his military experiences during World War II, his return to Chapel Hill and leadership role with the local Communist Party, failures of Communist ideology and their attempts to deal with crucial issues of the era, attempts of the Communist Party to destroy trial defense funds, his assessment of current Western European Communist movements and the American Communist Party, his reactions to the North Carolina production of a play based on his trial, the perversion of due process and civil liberties in trial, and hopes for beneficial effects from the play production with interviewer Mark Pinsky. 6 October 1976

Susie Sharp, white judge, discusses her first meeting with Naomi Morris as a legal secretary and later appointing of her as Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals, her perception of the qualities of a good judge, the significance of their leadership as women in their respective courts at the same time, difficulties of running for the position and merits of electing judges, the impact of her father and Morris's former employer in helping them become lawyers, and the difficulties of mixing career and family with interviewer Pat DeVine. 23 May 1983

John Raymond Shute, white politician, discusses 19th-century North Carolina history and his own experiences contributing to the development of Monroe County and Union County, N.C., including details of county governance and development or roads and farms with interviewer Wayne K. Durrill. 25 June 1982

Greef Smith and Mattie Smith, white textile workers, discuss their time working for B. Everett Jordan at the local textile mill, including the mill itself and fellow workers, their high regard for Jordan and his family, and significant incidents, including the utilization of the National Guard in preventing the mill from being taken over by unions with interviewer Ben F. Bulla. 19 October 1981

Joseph W. Straley, physician, with interviewer Mike Propost. 15 March 1971

Ruth Vick, white political activist, discusses Southern Regional Council (SRC) history, including its leadership, organizational details, internal politics, their place in the growing civil rights movement, their lack of immunity to racism of the segregated South, and African Americans' struggles for recognition and equal treatment within SRC with interviewers Jacquelyn Dowd Hall and Bob Hall. 1973

James Baber Williams, white merchant, discusses his grandfather's operating the company store near the Saxapahaw mill owned by B. Everett Jordan and his family, his life in Saxapawhaw, N.C. as a young man during the Great Depression, the role of the store and mill in gradually revitalizing the town, industrial race relations in the period, and his accomplishments and skills as a manager with interviewer Ben F. Bulla. 1 November 1981

aul Newman Guthrie, mediator, with interviewer Steve Miller. 11 February 1975

Doris W. Columb discusses the Kanawha County, W.Va., textbook controversy of 1974, the election of Alice Moore to the school board and subsequent events, false or misleading information that was disseminated, the background of, her participation in, and response to the pro-textbook movement, economic and religious factors and deficient understandings of education and child development contributing to the mentality of the anti-textbook movement, and Appalachian and West Virginian society and culture with interviewer William Longan. 22 August 1975

Marvin Horan, white religious leader, discusses his leadership in the movement against certain textbooks in county schools in Kanawha County, W.Va., his rebuttal of criticism of the movement including that of Douglas Stump, his dismissal of violent incidents during the controversy, his belief in the duty to uphold the values and beliefs of the area, and external interest and support in the issue with interviewer William Longan. 21 August 1975

Matthew M. Kinsolving, school administrator, discusses the introduction of offending textbooks to the county's schools in Kanawha County, W. Va., and subsequent protests, including his chronology of events, opposition to the movement, the conservative and fundamentalist aspects of mountain culture, and his thoughts on the board's handling of the introduction of the textbooks with interviewer William Longan. 23 August 1975

Alice W. Moore, white school administrator, discusses the events of the Kanawha County, W.Va., textbook controversy, including her role on the school board in opposing certain textbooks introduced to county schools, her objections to the pedagogical methods in the textbooks, content she considered offensive or profane, the sex education program, and the teaching of evolution and the United Nations, her rebuttal of accusations by the pro-textbook movement, and dismissal of violence and intimidation toward pro-textbook activists, her background and motivations for getting involved in education, her relationship with the police and governmental bodies, mountain culture, and her philosophy of education with interviewer William Longan. 23 August 1975

F. Douglas Stump, white school administrator, discusses the Kanawha County, W.Va., textbook controversy and events that followed, including the role of the Ku Klux Klan and John Birch Society in encouraging bitterness, the violence and intimidation directed toward defenders of the challenged textbooks, efforts to assemble review committees, the nature and influence of the textbook opponents, and Appalachian culture. 21 August 1975

Reverend Walters, religious leader, discusses his defense of Kanawha County, W.Va. textbooks, the cultural, religious, and educational factors resulting from anti-textbook attitudes, including fundamentalism, the fear of written word, political conservatism, and racism, the national growth of the issue, and his own philosophy of education with interviewer William Longan. 22 August 1975

Interview closed.

Guy Benton Johnson, white sociologist, with unidentified interviewer. 15 November 1979

Some of these interviews were conducted by Michael O'Brien as part of his research for The Idea of the American South (1978).

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

Interviews with residents of Wilmington, N.C., focus on the racial violence that erupted in February 1971 following the boycott of and demonstrations against the city's still segregated schools in the city.

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

Interviews with African Americans in northern Durham County, N.C., focus on daily life, folk beliefs, and medical practices.

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

William T. Moye conducted interviews with Charlotte, N.C., politicians in 1974 and 1975 for his dissertation, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Consolidation: Metrolina in Motion (UNC Chapel Hill, 1975).

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

Tapes, transcripts, and other materials relating to Hosea Hudson (1898- ), African American Communist Party member, labor organizer, and author of Black Worker in the Deep South (1972). The tapes were recorded and transcribed between 1976 and 1978 by Nell Irvin Painter, in connection with The Narrative of Hosea Hudson: His Life as a Negro Communist in the South (Harvard University Press, 1979), which covers Hudson's life from 1917 to 1947.

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

Alicia Rouverol conducted this interview with Alice Jett Butler for a final project in a women's history course, 1991.

ONLINE INTERVIEW DATABASE

Click here for the online, sortable list of oral history interviews in this series. Each interview is cataloged in the interview database with descriptive information about the interviewee and the contents of the interview. Transcriptions and audio recordings for many of the unrestricted interviews are available in this online database.

Lloyd E. Clayton, African American health care administrator known as "Mr. Health Pact" for the Washington, D.C., organization he founded in 1994 and still directs with interviewer Susan Resnik. 28 July 2014

Arthur Watts Clark, white retired Air Force major general and veteran of World War II, with interviewer Jerome Zinn. 12 September 2015

Hortense McClinton, African American social worker and professor, discusses the all-black town Boley, Okla., a near-riot led by whites against Boley over gerrymandering that gave Boley political influence, reverse sundown laws where whites had to get out of town at night, the State Training School for Negro Boys in Boley, economic role of the nearby Cherokee and Creek Indian tribes, her Cherokee ancestors, experiences at Howard University, religious life, her feelings about the regression both of North Carolina and of America in treating blacks and whites equally, the lack of understanding of African Americans' historical struggles and how education is the way forward towards remedying that gap in understanding, and racial injustices today being meted out by policemen, politicians, and the courts with interviewer Katies Womble. 18 April 2015

Bill Saunders, African American activist, discusses his childhood in Johns Island, S.C., Gullah culture, black owned and operated farms, holisitic food processing practices in his South Carolina community, high school in Charleston, S.C., military service and racism from superiors and peers that he encountered, the Purple Heart he received decades after his injury in combat, a run-in with law enforcement that motivated him to fight for the human rights of African Americans, Hospital Workers' Strike in Charleston, S.C. (1968-1969), police interactions with African Americans in Charleston including his own, those of relatives, and those of black youth with whom he works, creation of the Committee for Better Racial Assurance (COBRA), The Progressive Club, and his advocacy work being "trouble-making" for the sake of "human rights," rather than civil rights with interviewer Darius Scott. 15 May 2015